High Levels of CA-125 in a Case of a Parasitic Leiomyoma Presenting as an Abdominal Mass

Epidemiology, Presentation, and Management of Retroperitoneal Leiomyomata: Systematic Literature Review and Case Report

“…Of these, 60 were excluded: 31 for pathology other than leiomyoma [5,8 -36], 9 for nonretroperitoneal leiomyomata [37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45], 9 for intravenous or intracardiac leiomyomatosis [46 -55], 5 for leiomyomata of known gastrointestinal or renal origin [56 -60], 5 for containing review material only [61][62][63][64][65] and 1 for restriction to the biochemical analysis of smooth muscle tumors [66], leaving 17 publications for review [2,6,7,[67][68][69][70][71][72][73][74][75][76][77][78][79][80]. In addition, 7 articles were found [3,4,[81][82][83][84][85] through the bibliographies of other articles providing a total of 24 articles.…”

Parasitic leiomyomas: a systematic review

“…The authors do not report conflict of interest Abdel-Gadir, 2010 75 Al Manasra, 2011 59 Al Talib, 2010 9 Al Talib, 2010 9 Atkin, 2010 110 Aust, 2011 58 Berhan, 2003 56 Boqusiewicz, 2013 65 Brieger, 1995 40 Brody, 1953 93 Chan, 2004 12 Chu, 2012 86 Cucinella, 2011 36 Dan, 2012 52 Donnez, 2007 38 Elagwany, 2014 92 Epstein, 2009 94 Florez-Peña, 2012 87 Ghamande, 1996 57 Giannelli, 2013 83 Gómez, 2014 106 Goppel, 2009 68 Green, 2011 95 Hartzell, 2014 39 Hayashi, 2015 44 Heinig, 2003 24 Heuer, 2013 66 Hilger, 2006 23 Hirayama, 2015 42 Holloran, 2015 51 Huang, 2014 19 Hwang, 2010 60 Jebunnaher, 2013 73 Kamaci, 2004 118 Kang, 2009 76 Karadza, 2013 46 Kawasaki,2013 43 Kebapci, 2002 55 Keogh, 2003 84 Kill, 2011 48 Kho, 2009 3 Knudsen, 2006 49 Kumar, 2008 63 LaCoursiere,2005 116 Larrain, 2010 136 Lee, 2012 …”

“…In particular, CA 125 levels may be sufficiently high to lead to the suspicion of malignancy 57 ; this was the case in a woman who 3 years after total laparoscopic hysterectomy underwent laparotomy for two abdominal tumors (7 and 13 cm in diameter) thought to be malignant, though they were finally found to be adenomyomas 58 . In our systematic review, lesions were suspected to be malignant in 9% of cases, this being ruled out after surgery and histopathological analysis of the specimens.…”

Mesometrial smooth muscle as an origin of female retroperitoneal (pelvic) leiomyomas

“…Characteristically, retroperitoneal leiomyomas occur almost exclusively in women in contrast to gastrointestinal, cutaneous, and somatic deep leiomyomas [8], which exhibit no difference between genders, and past studies on retroperitoneal leiomyomas invariably emphasized the striking similarity of their histological features with those of uterine leiomyoma [3,12]. Some investigators called them "parasitic uterine leiomyoma," which means an implantation or detachment of uterine leiomyoma, but this idea dose not have any scientific basis [6,18]. Thus, the cellular origin of retroperitoneal leiomyomas has not been elucidated.…”