High levels of diversity in Fusarium oxysporum from non-cultivated ecosystems in Australia

Laurence, Matthew H.; Burgess, L. W.; Summerell, Brett A.; Liew, E. C. Y.

doi:10.1016/j.funbio.2011.11.011

Cited by 45 publications

(39 citation statements)

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“…Most studies of F. oxysporum populations used vegetative compatibility groups (VCGs) as a genetic diversity estimator and usually found nonpathogenic populations to comprise large numbers of VCGs even within one field, with the majority of isolates belonging to single-isolate VCGs (13,15,23,24,42). Studies using various molecular markers have reported 25 mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplotypes among 197 isolates from soil and asymptomatic melon roots (11), 23 ribosomal IGS-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) types among 129 isolates from soil and asymptomatic carnation roots (24), and 46 TEF sequence types among 214 F. oxysporum isolates from soils across Australia (18). Twenty-six TEF sequence types were found in the two tomato fields, suggesting a level of diversity comparable to those in previous studies, given the differences in sampling strategies and markers used.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A recent typing scheme proposed by O'Donnell et al (16) used DNA sequences of the ribosomal DNA intergenic spacer region (IGS) and the translation elongation factor 1␣ (TEF) gene to define sequence types (STs) and found 256 sequence types among 850 isolates, mainly plant pathogens. Subsequent studies using the same typing scheme found 26 new sequence types among isolates obtained from soil in Sardinia (17) and 46 new sequence types from noncultivated soils across Australia (18). These novel sequence types suggest that focusing only on plant-pathogenic F. oxysporum may underestimate the total species diversity.…”

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confidence: 95%

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Highly Diverse Endophytic and Soil Fusarium oxysporum Populations Associated with Field-Grown Tomato Plants

Demers

Gugino

Jiménez-Gasco

2015

Appl Environ Microbiol

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The diversity and genetic differentiation of populations of Fusarium oxysporum associated with tomato fields, both endophytes obtained from tomato plants and isolates obtained from soil surrounding the sampled plants, were investigated. A total of 609 isolates of F. oxysporum were obtained, 295 isolates from a total of 32 asymptomatic tomato plants in two fields and 314 isolates from eight soil cores sampled from the area surrounding the plants. Included in this total were 112 isolates from the stems of all 32 plants, a niche that has not been previously included in F. oxysporum population genetics studies. Isolates were characterized using the DNA sequence of the translation elongation factor 1␣ gene. A diverse population of 26 sequence types was found, although two sequence types represented nearly two-thirds of the isolates studied. The sequence types were placed in different phylogenetic clades within F. oxysporum, and endophytic isolates were not monophyletic. Multiple sequence types were found in all plants, with an average of 4.2 per plant. The population compositions differed between the two fields but not between soil samples within each field. A certain degree of differentiation was observed between populations associated with different tomato cultivars, suggesting that the host genotype may affect the composition of plant-associated F. oxysporum populations. No clear patterns of genetic differentiation were observed between endophyte populations and soil populations, suggesting a lack of specialization of endophytic isolates. Fusarium oxysporum is a well-known phytopathogenic fungus that affects hundreds of crops worldwide. Most studies of the fungus focus on the ability of F. oxysporum to cause vascular wilt on a particular host. However, environmental surveys of a wide range of habitats frequently find F. oxysporum in the absence of plant disease (1). These F. oxysporum populations, often referred to as nonpathogenic, although lack of pathogenicity is usually not confirmed, are a cosmopolitan component of soil communities. F. oxysporum can also infect and colonize plants asymptomatically as an endophyte. This endophytic lifestyle has not been well researched, despite reports of endophytic colonization by F. oxysporum on nearly 100 plant species (2).The interaction of endophytic F. oxysporum and plants may give insight into how pathogen recognition and plant resistance operate. In susceptible plants, pathogenic F. oxysporum penetrates the root, colonizes the root cortex, and then spreads through the xylem to the rest of the plant, causing occlusion of the xylem and ultimately wilting and death (3, 4). In host cultivars that are resistant to the pathogen, the spread of the fungus is blocked, and only limited colonization of host tissue occurs (5, 6, 7). Nonpathogenic F. oxysporum inoculated onto plants can colonize the root cortex similarly to pathogens, but host responses, such as thickening of cell walls and protuberances into intercellular spaces, seem to limit the growth of endophytes, similar to ...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 95%

Highly Diverse Endophytic and Soil Fusarium oxysporum Populations Associated with Field-Grown Tomato Plants

Demers

Gugino

Jiménez-Gasco

2015

Appl Environ Microbiol

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“…Biogeographical surveys in natural ecosystems of Australia have resulted in the discovery of novel species including F. nygamai (Burgess and Trimboli 1986), F. beomiforme (Nelson et al 1987), F. babinda (Summerell et al 1995), F. aywerte, F. nurragi (Benyon et al 2000), F. gaditjirri (Phan et al 2004), F. lyarnte, F. werrikimbe (Walsh et al 2010) and F. burgessii (Laurence et al 2011); as well as novel species complexes (Laurence et al 2011); in addition to high levels of intraspecific diversity in plant pathogenic Fusarium species (Laurence et al 2012(Laurence et al , 2014. The fact that novel species have been discovered in each of these surveys suggests that the species diversity in Australia and indeed globally is yet to be fully determined.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Six novel species of Fusarium from natural ecosystems in Australia

et al. 2015

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Six new species of Fusarium associated with soil and plant hosts from ecosystems of minimal anthropogenic disturbance in Australia are described. Fusarium coicis from Coix gasteenii, F. goolgardi from Xanthorrhoea glauca, F. mundagurra from soil and Mangifera indica, F. newnesense from soil, F. tjaetaba from Sorghum interjectum and F. tjaynera from soil, Triodia microstachya, Sorghum interjectum and Sorghum intrans. Morphology and phylogenetic analysis of EF-1α, RPB1 and RPB2 sequence data were used to delineate species boundaries. The new species were phylogenetically distributed in the Fusarium sambucinum, F. fujikuroi, and F. chlamydosporum species complexes, and two novel species complexes. These six new species have particular phylogeographic significance as not only do they provide further insight into the geographic patterns of Fusarium evolution but also challenge current phylogeographic hypotheses.

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“…Fusarium oxysporum, an important component of the soil microflora, is responsible for losses around the world. Considered as one of the most important soil-borne plant pathogens, F. oxysporum pathogenic isolates produce wild and rot diseases by fungal proliferation on root systems of the plants of economic importance such as tomato, cotton, and banana (Leslie & Summerell 2006;Laurence et al 2012).…”

Section: Fusarium Importancementioning

confidence: 99%

Fusarium-plant interaction: state of the art - a review

Dinolfo¹,

Castañares²,

Stenglein³

2017

Plant Prot. Sci.

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Dinolfo M.I., Castañares E., Stenglein S.A. (2017): Fusarium-plant interaction: state of the art -a review. Plant Protect. Sci., 53: 61-70.One of the most important genera able to develop diseases in cereals is Fusarium which not only produces losses by the fungal presence but also mycotoxin production harmful to human and animal consumers. In the environment, plants are continuously threatened by abiotic and biotic stresses. Among the latter, pathogens gained importance mainly due to their ability to affect the plant fitness. To protect against potential attacks, plants have developed strategies in which phytohormones have an essential role. In plant-pathogen interactions, salicylic acid, ethylene, and jasmonates are the most important, but there are also auxins, gibberellins, abscisic acid, cytokinins, brassinosteroids, and peptide hormones involved in plant defence. The interaction between Fusarium species and plants used as models has been developed to allow understanding the plant behaviour against this kind of pathogen with the aim to develop several strategies to decrease the Fusarium disease effects.

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High levels of diversity in Fusarium oxysporum from non-cultivated ecosystems in Australia

Cited by 45 publications

References 45 publications

Highly Diverse Endophytic and Soil Fusarium oxysporum Populations Associated with Field-Grown Tomato Plants

Highly Diverse Endophytic and Soil Fusarium oxysporum Populations Associated with Field-Grown Tomato Plants

Six novel species of Fusarium from natural ecosystems in Australia

Fusarium-plant interaction: state of the art - a review

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