High levels of genetic diversity and population structure in an endemic and rare species: implications for conservation

Turchetto, Caroline; Segatto, Ana Lúcia Anversa; Mäder, Geraldo; Rodrigues, Daniele Munareto; Bonatto, Sandro L.; Freitas, Loreta B.

doi:10.1093/aobpla/plw002

Cited by 67 publications

(69 citation statements)

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“…Although P. secreta is a rare and narrow endemic species, which generally grows in small fragmented populations, its genetic variability is high and of ancient origin, especially when compared to other Petunia species. Analyses of nuclear genetic markers confirm that the extant populations of P. secreta are descended from a single large and stable founder population (Turchetto et al 2016). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 79%

“…1) at sites representing the species' main habitats (sandstone tower complex and roadside). These five populations were chosen to cover the larger area at the core of the native distribution of this species, as well as both evolutionary lineages (Turchetto et al 2016). Within each of the two main sites, the distance between sampled populations ranged from around 0.2 km (BR163 and BR573) to 1.2 km (PS59 and GP62).…”

Section: Sampling and Site Of Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1; Stehmann & Semir 2005). According to the criteria adopted by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature, P. secreta is classified as critically endangered (Turchetto et al 2016). Despite this, it is not included on the Brazilian red list of plant species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Within the phylogeny of the genus, the species belongs to a clade characterised by long corolla tubes (Reck-Kortmann et al 2014). It can be subdivided into two different genetic lineages, which correspond to its sites of occurrence (lineage 1, from Pedra do Segredo -see below, and lineage 2, from a roadside location approximately 20 km away; Turchetto et al 2016). Based on its pink corolla, Petunia secreta has been described as beepollinated (Stehmann & Semir 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Can the reproductive system of a rare and narrowly endemic plant species explain its high genetic diversity?

et al. 2018

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Th e reproductive system of fl owering plants can be highly variable, aff ecting their biology, gene fl ow and genetic variability among populations. Petunia secreta is a rare annual endemic species of Pedra do Segredo, located in the municipality of Caçapava do Sul, state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Although rare, the species possesses a high level of genetic variability. We investigated the reproductive system of P. secreta, including fruit production and seed germinability, in order to determine if its reproductive system can explain its genetic diversity. We sampled fi ve populations and conducted fi ve greenhouse hand-pollination treatments: 1) autonomous apomixis; 2) self-pollination; 3) hand self-pollination; 4) geitonogamy; and 5) cross-pollination. We analysed a total of 40 plants, 468 fl owers, and 6,500 seeds. Only autonomous apomixis and self-pollination did not produce fruit. No diff erences in fruit weight were observed among pollination treatments (P > 0.05). Seeds of two colours were produced, with no diff erences in germinability. Considering all plants, populations, and treatments, the average germinability was 73 % (range 9 % to 100 %). Th ese results, along with other previous studies, indicate that the reproductive systems of P. secreta, and its large eff ective population size, can explain its high genetic diversity.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 79%

Section: Sampling and Site Of Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Can the reproductive system of a rare and narrowly endemic plant species explain its high genetic diversity?

et al. 2018

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“…In fact, the occurrence of wild populations of M. wufengensis species is subject to decline along with the number of individuals. An effective and authentic tool, such as the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) criteria, to evaluate conservation status, would be practical for endemic and rare species (Turchetto et al, 2016). Levels of genetic diversity will affect the ability of the species to adapt to changes in their habitat, thus acquiring a good knowledge of genetic diversity levels and distribution is essential for conservation strategies (Wanjala et al, 2013).…”

Section: Insights Into Breeding and Conservationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Magnolia wufengensis (Magnoliaceae) cultivars using phenotypic traits, SSR and SRAP markers: insights into breeding and conservation

Wang¹,

Xiao²,

Y³

et al. 2017

Genet. Mol. Res.

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ABSTRACT.A combination of phenotypic characterization and molecular markers may provide reliable information on new plant varieties and elucidate the conservation status of rare species. Five newly developed Magnolia wufengensis cultivars, an endangered plant species endemic to Hubei Province, China, possess more distinctive phenotypes than common Magnolia cultivars. With reference to a wild species population of M. wufengensis and a population of Magnolia denudata, morphological traits of flower organs, simple sequence repeat (SSR), and sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) markers were used. In the morphological study, six traits of floral organs were investigated and their relationships were analyzed between cultivars. In the genetic study, 9 SSR primer pairs and 10 SRAP primer combinations were screened. The five cultivars maintained a high level of genetic diversity. Genetic diversity of each M. wufengensis cultivar was much lower than that of the wild population, but was slightly higher than that of the M. denudata population. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) revealed that genetic variation among populations was 20% (SRAP) and 30% (SSR), which showed a high degree of genetic differentiation among populations of the five cultivars. The dendrograms illustrated a clear separation between M. wufengensis populations and outer species, and identified two major groups among cultivars. Correlation analysis indicated a good fit between the two marker systems, but a relatively low fit between morphological and genetic traits (SRAP: r = 0.60, SSR: r = 0.52). These findings provide reliable references for the application of these molecular markers in the breeding and conservation of M. wufengensis.

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Genetic diversity and differentiation in narrow versus widespread taxa ofHelianthemum(Cistaceae) in a hotspot: The role of geographic range, habitat, and reproductive traits

Martín-Hernanz

Martínez‐Sánchez

Albaladejo

et al. 2019

Ecology and Evolution

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Unraveling the relationships between ecological, functional traits and genetic diversity of narrow endemic plants provide opportunities for understanding how evolutionary processes operate over local spatial scales and ultimately how diversity is created and maintained. To explore these aspects in Sierra Nevada, the core of the Mediterranean Betic‐Rifean hotspot, we have analyzed nuclear DNA microsatellite diversity and a set of biological and environmental factors (physicochemical soil parameters, floral traits, and community composition) in two strictly endemic taxa from dolomite outcrops of Sierra Nevada (Helianthemum pannosum and H. apenninum subsp. estevei) and two congeneric widespread taxa (H. cinereum subsp. rotundifolium and H. apenninum subsp. apenninum) that further belong to two different lineages (subgenera) of Helianthemum. We obtained rather unexpected results contrasting with the theory: (a) The narrow endemic taxa showed higher values of genetic diversity as well as higher average values of pollen production per flower and pollen‐to‐ovule ratio than their widespread relatives; and (b) the two taxa of subg. Helianthemum, with larger corollas, approach herkogamy and higher pollen production than the two taxa of subg. Plectolobum, displayed lower genetic diversity and higher values of inbreeding. Altogether, these results disclose how genetic diversity may be affected simultaneously by a large number of intrinsic and extrinsic factors, especially in Pleistocene glacial refugia in mountains where the spatial context harbors a great ecological heterogeneity. On the other hand, differences in mating system and the significant effect of the substrate profile, both being highly diverse in the genus Helianthemum, in the genetic variability illustrate about the importance of these two factors in the diversification and species differentiation of this paradigmatic genus in the Mediterranean and open the field to formulate and test new hypotheses of local adaptation, trait evolution, and habitat diversification.

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High levels of genetic diversity and population structure in an endemic and rare species: implications for conservation

Cited by 67 publications

References 88 publications

Can the reproductive system of a rare and narrowly endemic plant species explain its high genetic diversity?

Can the reproductive system of a rare and narrowly endemic plant species explain its high genetic diversity?

Identification of Magnolia wufengensis (Magnoliaceae) cultivars using phenotypic traits, SSR and SRAP markers: insights into breeding and conservation

Genetic diversity and differentiation in narrow versus widespread taxa ofHelianthemum(Cistaceae) in a hotspot: The role of geographic range, habitat, and reproductive traits

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