High‐Mobility Ambipolar Near‐Infrared Light‐Emitting Polymer Field‐Effect Transistors

Abstract

Over the last decade the performance of organic field-effect transistors (FETs) has seen a remarkable improvement, owing to advances in material development as well as device optimization. Field-effect mobilities on the order of 10 cm 2 V À1

Gate-bias assisted charge injection in organic field-effect transistors

“…Surprisingly; the saturated output currents differed by less than an order of magnitude [7]. Extreme examples are ambipolar transistors; using a single electrode material to inject both electrons and holes; where considerable current is measured even with injection barriers larger than 0.5 eV [8][9][10].…”

Fast ambipolar integrated circuits with poly(diketopyrrolopyrrole- terthiophene)

“…[4][5][6][7][8] In DPP based bulkheterojunction solar cells power conversion efficiencies over 5% are obtained 9 and high hole mobilities are found in fieldeffect transistors ͑FETs͒. 4,6,7 For FETs even ambipolar operation is observed.…”

“…[4][5][6][7][8] In DPP based bulkheterojunction solar cells power conversion efficiencies over 5% are obtained 9 and high hole mobilities are found in fieldeffect transistors ͑FETs͒. 4,6,7 For FETs even ambipolar operation is observed. 4,5,8 Efficient injection and transport of both electrons and holes allows for the fabrication of complementary metal-oxide semiconductor ͑CMOS͒ logic based on ambipolar transistors, i.e., CMOS-like logic, which combines the robustness and good noise margin of truly complementary logic with the ease of processing of unipolar logic.…”

“…4,6,7 For FETs even ambipolar operation is observed. 4,5,8 Efficient injection and transport of both electrons and holes allows for the fabrication of complementary metal-oxide semiconductor ͑CMOS͒ logic based on ambipolar transistors, i.e., CMOS-like logic, which combines the robustness and good noise margin of truly complementary logic with the ease of processing of unipolar logic. CMOS-like logic has been demonstrated 10,11 but the availability of an ambipolar semiconductor that exhibits both high and balanced electron and hole mobilities has been the main bottleneck to manufacture complementarylike logic that competes in performance with its unipolar counterpart.…”

Synthesis and Characterization of Thiophene-Based Copolymers Containing Urethane and Alkyl Functional Side Chains for Hybrid Bulk Heterojunction Photovoltaic Cell Applications

“…Therefore, it is important to design and synthesize new functional polymers that improve the overlap of the polymer absorption spectrum with the standard solar spectrum under AM 1.5 global. [5][6] Among the π-conjugated polymers, polythiophene derivatives, especially regioregular poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) present special opportunities because of the higher level of crystallinity, possibilities in structural modification, the superior electronic and mechanical properties and are stable toward oxygen and humidity at an ambient temperature. 7 For bulk heterojunction OPVs, blend of P3HT or low-bandgap polymers with fullerene derivatives exhibited a high PCE to date.…”