High‐molecular intestinal alkaline phosphatase in chronic liver diseases

Abstract

The presence of high-molecular intestinal alkaline phosphatase (HIALP) different from bone ALP detected in the alpha(2)beta region was recently clarified. In this study we used a novel method in which HIALP was detected after conversion to ALP(5) by protease to investigate the clinical significance of the appearance of HIALP in patients with chronic liver disease. The subjects were 241 patients with chronic liver disease. When a decrease in ALP(3) in the alpha(2)beta region and an increase in ALP(5) in the beta region were noted, the patient was judged HIALP-positive. In the patients with chronic liver disease, the total ALP activity (T-ALP) increased with progression of the pathology in the order of chronic hepatitis (CH), liver cirrhosis (LC), and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). HIALP appeared in 22.4% and 49.3% of patients with CH and LC, respectively, but the positivity rate decreased to 30.4% in HCC. As autoimmune liver diseases, primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) and autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) were investigated. T-ALP was lower in PBC+AIH than in LC and HCC, but the HIALP-positive rate was high (44.4%). The HIALP-positive rate was dependent on ABO blood groups, and was high in blood groups B and O. In conclusion, the HIALP-positive rate was particularly high in patients with chronic liver disease, and was related to the pathological progression, which suggests that the method is clinically useful.

Evaluation of serum bone alkaline phosphatase activity in patients with liver disease: Comparison between electrophoresis and chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay

“…Quick Gel ALP and Quick ALP reagent (Quick ALP; Helena Labs) have been commercially developed for the electrophoretic analysis of ALP [21]. In order to separate liver-and bone-type ALP completely, samples were pretreated with neuraminidase (ALP separator; Helena) [6].…”

“…Bands were scanned by densitometry at a wavelength of 570 nm [21]. ALP isozyme activity was expressed in U/l and as a percentage of total ALP activity.…”

Quenching of graphene quantum dots fluorescence by alkaline phosphatase activity in the presence of hydroquinone diphosphate

“…Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) is an enzyme with high turnover number and broad substrate specificity that has been extensively used as an enzymatic label for bio‐assays development . ALP is also an enzyme found in the human body, being widely distributed in the liver, bone, intestine, kidney, and placental tissues, which makes ALP an analyte of high importance assayed in routine clinical analysis. Furthermore, ALP is also relevant for food analysis since it is an enzyme normally present in raw milk and its inactivation is an indicator of proper milk pasteurization process .…”

A Graphene Quantum Dots-Enzyme Hybrid System for the Fluorescence Assay of Alkaline Phosphatase Activity and Inhibitor Screening

“…[1][2][3] Owing to the abnormal level of ALP in serum always being closely connected with various diseases, such as hepatitis, 4 diabetes, 5,6 liver dysfunction, 7 bone disease, 8 and prostate cancer, 9 it is often considered to be a most commonly assayed enzyme and biomarker in practical clinical diagnosis. 10,11 In addition, because of the fact that most pathogenic bacteria are present at lower thermal temperature, the level or activity of ALP is employed to confirm the degree of milk or other drinks pasteurization in dairy manufacturing.…”