High-molecular-weight adiponectin and anthropometric variables among elementary schoolchildren: a population-based cross-sectional study in Japan

Abstract

BackgroundStudies about the relationship between high-molecular-weight adiponectin (HMW-adn) and anthropometric variables among population-based elementary schoolchildren have been too limited, especially in Japan, where blood collection is not usually performed in the annual health examination at elementary schools. The objective of the present study was to investigate the relationship between HMW-adn and anthropometric variables (body mass index [BMI], percent body fat [%BF], waist circumference [WC], and waist-to-height ratio [WHtR]) among population-based elementary schoolchildren in Japan.MethodsSubjects comprised all fourth-grade schoolchildren (9 or 10 years of age) in the town of Ina, Saitama Prefecture, Japan during 2005–2008 (N = 1675). After excluding 21 subjects because of refusal to participate or incomplete data, data from a total of 1654 subjects (846 boys and 808 girls) were analyzed. The height, weight, %BF, and WC of each subject were measured, while blood samples were drawn from the subjects to measure adiponectin levels (HMW-adn and total adiponectin). Childhood obesity was determined according to the age- and sex-specific cut-off points proposed by the International Obesity Task Force. Spearman’s correlation coefficients between adiponectin levels and anthropometric variables were calculated for each sex.ResultsThe anthropometric variables were negatively correlated with HMW-adn in both boys and girls. Correlation coefficients of HMW-adn with anthropometric variables in the obesity group were consistently higher than those in the non-obesity group among both boys and girls. In addition, only WHtR was significantly correlated with HMW-adn regardless of sex and physique (obesity or non-obesity); the correlation coefficient was -0.386 among boys and -0.543 among girls in the obesity group, while it was -0.124 among boys and -0.081 among girls in the non-obesity group.ConclusionsHMW-adn was negatively correlated with anthropometric variables, while the correlation coefficients of HMW-adn with anthropometric variables in the obesity group were consistently higher than those in the non-obesity group. Moreover, only WHtR was significantly associated with HMW-adn regardless of sex and physique. The results of this study suggested that it is useful to monitor WHtR as a surrogate for HMW-adn among elementary school students, especially obese children.

Small‐for‐gestational‐age and predictors of HOMA indices, leptin and adiponectin in infancy

“…The lack of association in control infants is consistent with previous studies in generally healthy populations reporting no correlation between current BMI and adiponectin in infancy 13,36 . Such a lack of correlation between BMI and adiponectin appears to be maintained in early childhood (age 3–5 years), 35 but may reverse to a negative correlation in late childhood (age 9–10 years) 37 . Adipose tissue exerts a negative feedback loop in adiponectin secretion in adulthood, 38 in contrast to the positive correlation between weight/adiposity and adiponectin at birth, 35 suggesting the negative feedback loop may be gradually developed in postnatal life.…”

“…13,36 Such a lack of correlation between BMI and adiponectin appears to be maintained in early childhood (age 3-5 years), 35 but may reverse to a negative correlation in late childhood (age 9-10 years). 37 Adipose tissue exerts a negative feedback loop in adiponectin secretion in adulthood, 38 in contrast to the positive correlation between weight/adiposity and adiponectin at birth, 35 suggesting the negative feedback loop may be gradually developed in postnatal life. Interestingly, recently we have observed a similar positive correlation between current BMI and adiponectin at age 2 years in large-for-gestational-age infants.…”

Small-for-gestational-age and determinants of HOMA indices, leptin and adiponectin in infancy

“…The lack of association in control infants is consistent with previous studies in generally healthy populations reporting no correlation between current BMI and adiponectin in infancy [14,42]. Such a lack of correlation between BMI and adiponectin appears to be maintained in early childhood (age 3-5 years) [40], but may reverse to a negative correlation in late childhood (age 9-10 years) [43]. Adipose tissue exerts a negative feedback loop in adiponectin secretion in adulthood [44], in contrast to the positive correlation between weight/adiposity and adiponectin at birth [40,41], suggesting the negative feedback loop may be gradually developed in postnatal life.…”

Association of Total and High Molecular Weight Adiponectin with Components of Metabolic Syndrome in Mexican Children

“…Multifactorial disorders, such as MetS, may be affected by characteristics of the study population. In Japanese children, HMW adiponectin was inversely correlated with obesity and insulin resistance (6). Although the Mexican population is a heterogeneous genetic mix, significant heritability for adiponectin and obesity traits substantiate a genetic contribution to circulating cytokine levels in Hispanic children (7,8).…”