High nitrate supply reduces growth in maize, from cell to whole plant

Saiz-Fernández, Iñigo; Diego, Nuria De; Sampedro, M. Carmen; Mena‐Petite, Amaia; Ortiz‐Barredo, Amaia; Lacuesta, M.

doi:10.1016/j.jplph.2014.06.018

Cited by 36 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…Since in field conditions maize N fertilization consists of a single application at sowing [ 29 ], the third-leaf stage corresponds to a vegetative phase in which plants are exposed to a high level of inorganic N and that is indicated as one of the more susceptible to NH 4 + toxicity [ 14 ]. Moreover, it is important to note that the optimal dose of NO 3 − fertilization also depends on maize varieties [ 30 ]. In order to better appreciate the short-term responses and compare our proteomic results with previous works, the plants were exposed to a total N availability of 10 mM.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mineral nitrogen sources differently affect root glutamine synthetase isoforms and amino acid balance among organs in maize

Prinsi

Espen

2015

BMC Plant Biol

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BackgroundGlutamine synthetase (GS) catalyzes the first step of nitrogen assimilation in plant cell. The main GS are classified as cytosolic GS1 and plastidial GS2, of which the functionality is variable according to the nitrogen sources, organs and developmental stages. In maize (Zea mays L.) one gene for GS2 and five genes for GS1 subunits are known, but their roles in root metabolism are not yet well defined. In this work, proteomic and biochemical approaches have been used to study root GS enzymes and nitrogen assimilation in maize plants re-supplied with nitrate, ammonium or both.ResultsThe plant metabolic status highlighted the relevance of root system in maize nitrogen assimilation during both nitrate and ammonium nutrition. The analysis of root proteomes allowed a study to be made of the accumulation and phosphorylation of six GS proteins. Three forms of GS2 were identified, among which only the phosphorylated one showed an accumulation trend consistent with plastidial GS activity. Nitrogen availabilities enabled increments in root total GS synthetase activity, associated with different GS1 isoforms according to the nitrogen sources. Nitrate nutrition induced the specific accumulation of GS1-5 while ammonium led to up-accumulation of both GS1-1 and GS1-5, highlighting co-participation. Moreover, the changes in thermal sensitivity of root GS transferase activity suggested differential rearrangements of the native enzyme. The amino acid accumulation and composition in roots, xylem sap and leaves deeply changed in response to mineral sources. Glutamine showed the prevalent changes in all nitrogen nutritions. Besides, the ammonium nutrition was associated with an accumulation of asparagine and reducing sugars and a drop in glutamic acid level, significantly alleviated by the co-provision with nitrate.ConclusionThis work provides new information about the multifaceted regulation of the GS enzyme in maize roots, indicating the involvement of specific isoenzymes/isoforms, post-translational events and biochemical factors. For the first time, the proteomic approach allowed to discriminate the individual contribution of the GS1 isoforms, highlighting the participation of GS1-5 in nitrate metabolism. Moreover, the results give new insights about the influence of amino acid metabolism in plant C/N balance.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12870-015-0482-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mineral nitrogen sources differently affect root glutamine synthetase isoforms and amino acid balance among organs in maize

Prinsi

Espen

2015

BMC Plant Biol

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“…Nitrate is the dominant form of the mineral N and is readily mobile in the xylem, little nitrate accumulation is beneficial to the growth of plants, but high nitrates are toxic to plants [26]. Excessive concentrations of nitrates do not entail an increase in the fresh weight of the plant [27] and caused a significant effect on stem [28] ( Table 1).…”

Section: Growth Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological Responses of Scirpus validus to Nitrate Stress

et al. 2019

Pol. J. Environ. Stud.

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Eutrophication is a phenomenon of excess nutrition that results from the natural or artificial enrichment of inorganic nutrients such that the system cannot regulate the circulation of nutrients [1]. Among 118 lakes in China, the proportion of mesotrophic lakes was 21.4% and that of eutrophication was 78.6% in 2016 [2]. It is clear that China faces serious water eutrophication, which will affect the ecological landscape and the safety of livestock drinking water [3]. Many factors lead to eutrophication and predominantly involve the addition of nitrogen and phosphorus [4]. In particular, nitrogen is an important cause of eutrophication [5], especially ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen contents. Large amounts of nitrate-enriched water pose a serious threat to human life and production. The World Health Organization [6] found that drinking high-nitrate water can endanger human health and safety [7]. As a result,

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“…On the other hand, it increases the root system efficiency in order to obtain access to greater volume of soil (Rajan & Veilumuthu Anandhan, 2016), which represents an important strategy for physiological, morphological and biochemical adaptation to ensure growth, cellular turgor maintenance, and absorption of sufficient water and nutrients to meet the plant needs. On the other hand, when the nitrogen and potassium content is excessive in the root system, they can cause toxicity, directly affecting growth (Saiz-Fernández et al, 2015;Deng et al, 2015). Thus, high doses can also be harmful.…”

Section: K Dosesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen and Potassium Fertilization in the Initial Growth of Annona crassiflora Mart.

et al. 2019

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Annona crassiflora Mart. presents medicinal and food potential, and is also used in the recovery of degraded areas, however, little is known about its nutritional requirements. The aim of this work was to analyze the initial growth of A. crassiflora submitted to nitrogen and potassium fertilization. The experiment was conducted with a complete randomized block design with four replicates, each consisting of five nitrogen and potassium doses (0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 mg dm-3). Results were submitted to regression analysis. The species showed significant response for nitrogen fertilization regarding biometric variables, biomass, DQI and nutritional contents at doses of 100 to 200 mg dm-3. On the other hand, potassium only influenced DQI, nutritional content and accumulation of A. crassiflora seedlings.

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High nitrate supply reduces growth in maize, from cell to whole plant

Cited by 36 publications

References 67 publications

Mineral nitrogen sources differently affect root glutamine synthetase isoforms and amino acid balance among organs in maize

Mineral nitrogen sources differently affect root glutamine synthetase isoforms and amino acid balance among organs in maize

Physiological Responses of Scirpus validus to Nitrate Stress

Nitrogen and Potassium Fertilization in the Initial Growth of Annona crassiflora Mart.

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