High-order above-threshold ionization beyond the first-order Born approximation

Čerkić, A.; Hasović, E.; Milošević, D. B.; Becker, W.

doi:10.1103/physreva.79.033413

Cited by 70 publications

(69 citation statements)

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“…Spectra were exhibited for all of the rare gases, and they were significantly different (krypton barely shows a change of slope rather than a plateau), but the universal validity of the rescattering picture was the dominant lesson drawn from the data, and the very obvious differences between the various rare gases were played down. By now, the perspective has been reversed: ATI and HATI are employed to extract atomic and molecular information from the data [24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32]. Another eye-catching feature of the spectra that received little attention is the existence of a group or groups of particularly well developed peaks in the middle of the plateau (above approx.…”

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confidence: 99%

The plateau in above-threshold ionization: the keystone of rescattering physics

Becker

Goreslavski

Milošević

et al. 2018

J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys.

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A review is presented of the rescattering plateau in laser-induced above-threshold ionization and its various features as they were discovered over time. Several theoretical explanations are discussed, from simple momentum conservation to the quantum-mechanical improved strongfield approximation and the inherent quantum orbits or, alternatively, entirely classical methods. Applications of the plateau to the extraction of atomic or molecular potentials and to the characterization of the driving laser pulse are also surveyed.

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confidence: 99%

The plateau in above-threshold ionization: the keystone of rescattering physics

Becker

Goreslavski

Milošević

et al. 2018

J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys.

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“…The combined elements of elastic scattering occurring on an optical-cycle time scale, e.g., femtoseconds, inherent in this model has generated interest in exploiting this as an ultrafast structural probe [3], analogous to diffraction using electron beams [4,5]. The viability of this self-imaging technique, dubbed laser-induced electron diffraction (LIED), has been addressed by several theoretical [6][7][8][9] and experimental [10,11] studies. A key principle was established by the quantitative rescattering (QRS) theory [7]: the field-free large-angle electron-ion (e-ion) elastic differential cross section (DCS) can be retrieved from a measured HATI electron momentum distribution.…”

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confidence: 99%

Laser-Induced Electron Diffraction for Probing Rare Gas Atoms

Blaga

DiChiara

et al. 2012

Phys. Rev. Lett.

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Recently, using midinfrared laser-induced electron diffraction (LIED), snapshots of a vibrating diatomic molecule on a femtosecond time scale have been captured [C. I. Blaga et al., Nature (London) 483, 194 (2012)]. In this Letter, a comprehensive treatment for the atomic LIED response is reported, a critical step in generalizing this imaging method. Electron-ion differential cross sections (DCSs) of rare gas atoms are extracted from measured angular-resolved, high-energy electron momentum distributions generated by intense midinfrared lasers. Following strong-field ionization, the high-energy electrons result from elastic rescattering of a field-driven wave packet with the parent ion. For recollision energies !100 eV, the measured DCSs are indistinguishable for the neutral atoms and ions, illustrating the close collision nature of this interaction. The extracted DCSs are found to be independent of laser parameters, in agreement with theory. This study establishes the key ingredients for applying LIED to femtosecond molecular imaging. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.109.233002 PACS numbers: 33.20.Xx, 33.60.+q, 34.80.Bm, 34.80.Qb An atom exposed to an intense low-frequency laser pulse can tunnel ionize, releasing an electron. Born in the laser's oscillating field, the electron may be accelerated back to recollide with the parent ion [1,2], incurring various electron-ion collision processes, such as elastic and inelastic scattering, and photorecombination. The recollision event is the basis of the strong-field rescattering model, which describes phenomena such as high-energy above-threshold ionization (HATI), nonsequential ionization, and high-harmonic generation. The combined elements of elastic scattering occurring on an optical-cycle time scale, e.g., femtoseconds, inherent in this model has generated interest in exploiting this as an ultrafast structural probe [3], analogous to diffraction using electron beams [4,5]. The viability of this self-imaging technique, dubbed laser-induced electron diffraction (LIED), has been addressed by several theoretical [6][7][8][9] and experimental [10,11] studies. A key principle was established by the quantitative rescattering (QRS) theory [7]: the field-free large-angle electron-ion (e-ion) elastic differential cross section (DCS) can be retrieved from a measured HATI electron momentum distribution. However in order for LIED to become an effective ultrafast imaging method, it is necessary that the valence (outer-shell) electrons of the target, e.g., molecules, play no significant role in the elastic process since their rearrangement which induces structural dynamics, i.e., motion of nuclei, is de facto unknown, and thus their interaction with the recolliding electron cannot be characterized.Underpinning the concept of imaging via LIED is the ability to produce high-energy core-penetrating e-ion recollisions. Previous studies [12][13][14][15][16] using 0:8 m laser pulses have demonstrated the capability of extracting DCSs from atoms and molecules. However the recollision energ...

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“…The differential ionization rate for above-threshold ionization with rescattering from a bound state ψ i , having the ionization energy E i = −I p , to a final state of an electron with an asymptotic momentum p, is given by [16,19,20] …”

Section: Differential Ionization Rate For Above-threshold Ionization mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The rescattering matrix element can be given in the first Born approximation (FBA) or in the low-frequency approximation (LFA) [16]:…”

Section: Differential Ionization Rate For Above-threshold Ionization mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All of these structures came unexpected because they are not afforded by a simple tunneling picture. In calculations based on the time-dependent Schrödinger equation, they require the long-range Coulomb potential for their presence.In our recent papers [13,14,15], for a unified description of these low-energy effects we revisited the classical simple-man model and its quantum-mechanical implementation in terms of the improved strong-field approximation (ISFA), the low-frequency approximation (LFA) [16,17], and the quantum-orbit expansion [1,18]. It turned out that rescattering into states with low energy, especially forward scattering, generates all of the afore-mentioned effects.…”

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Unified description of low-order above-threshold ionization on and off axis

Becker

Milošević

2016

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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View the article online for updates and enhancements.Related content Two-color above-threshold and two-photon sequential double ionization beyond the dipole approximation A N Grum-Grzhimailo, E V Gryzlova, E I Kuzmina et al. Phys. 48 151001) is revisited and extended. By considering the rescattering electron energies and angles at the classical cutoffs and the contributions of particular quantum-orbit solutions, it is shown that summing both the backward-and the forward-scattering contributions, within the low-frequency approximation, it is possible to reproduce the observed features of the ATI spectra both for low and high energies and both on and off the laser-polarization axis in the momentum plane. IntroductionAbove-threshold ionization (ATI) of rare-gas atoms had been considered a closed chapter of strong-field physics [1, 2, 3, 4] until, with the availability of mid-infrared lasers, unexpected structures in the low-energy velocity map (at energies well below the ponderomotive energy U p ) were observed [5]. These include a series of energy peaks along the polarization axis below 0.1 U p called the low-energy structure (LES) [6,7,8], another structure at energies below the former referred to as the very-low-energy structure (VLES) [9,10], a fork-like structure off the polarization axis [11], and a V structure with the 'V' opening on either side of the origin along the axis perpendicular to the laser polarization [12]. All of these structures came unexpected because they are not afforded by a simple tunneling picture. In calculations based on the time-dependent Schrödinger equation, they require the long-range Coulomb potential for their presence.In our recent papers [13,14,15], for a unified description of these low-energy effects we revisited the classical simple-man model and its quantum-mechanical implementation in terms of the improved strong-field approximation (ISFA), the low-frequency approximation (LFA) [16,17], and the quantum-orbit expansion [1,18]. It turned out that rescattering into states with low energy, especially forward scattering, generates all of the afore-mentioned effects. We have shown that the angle-dependent energy cutoffs of the various simple-man and quantum orbits are imprinted in the calculated velocity map [11,13,14,15]. The agreement with the various experimental data is good [11]. In particular, the recently observed V structure [12] is very well developed [14]. The afore-mentioned cut-off pattern is independent of the atomic

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High-order above-threshold ionization beyond the first-order Born approximation

Cited by 70 publications

References 59 publications

The plateau in above-threshold ionization: the keystone of rescattering physics

The plateau in above-threshold ionization: the keystone of rescattering physics

Laser-Induced Electron Diffraction for Probing Rare Gas Atoms

Unified description of low-order above-threshold ionization on and off axis

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