High-order harmonic generation from atoms and ions in the high intensity regime

Krause, Jeffrey L.; Schafer, Kenneth J.; Kulander, K. C.

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.68.3535

Cited by 1,417 publications

(880 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Beyond these unique spectral characteristics, it may be noted that HHG is generally a rather inefficient process [38]. In the single atom picture of the simple man's model, this inefficiency is caused by the very low re-collision probability of the electrons with their parent ions.…”

Section: Extreme-ultraviolet Light Generation In Atomic Gasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Finally, the electron returns to the starting point and re-collides with the ion under the emission of highly-energetic photons with discrete frequencies corresponding to odd overtones (harmonics) of the driving wave. The maximum energy E max of the photons and the corresponding maximum frequency ω max of the harmonics generated in this scheme is determined by the cut-off law [20,38] E max = hω max = E vac + 3.17U p .…”

Section: Extreme-ultraviolet Light Generation In Atomic Gasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Extreme-ultraviolet light generation in plasmonic nanostructures

et al. 2013

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The present (cumulative) thesis examines fundamentals of nanostructure-enhanced extreme-ultraviolet light generation in noble gases using two different nanostructure geometries for local field-enhancement. Specifically, resonant antennas and tapered hollow waveguide nanostructures are utilized to enhance low-energy femtosecond laser pulses, which in turn induce light emission from excited xenon, argon and neon atoms and ions. Spectral analysis of this radiation reveals that coherent high-order harmonic generation is not feasible under the examined conditions, contrary to former expectations and reports. Instead, the spectral characteristics unequivocally identify that incoherent fluorescence from multiphoton excited and strong-field ionized gas atoms is the predominant process in such schemes. Furthermore, novel nanostructure-enhanced effects are reported such as surface-enhanced fifth-order harmonic generation (from bow-tie nanoantennas) and the formation of a bistable nanoplasma (in a hollow waveguide). These effects offer intriguing links between nonlinear nano-optics, plasma dynamics and extreme-ultraviolet radiation.v vi

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Section: Extreme-ultraviolet Light Generation In Atomic Gasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Extreme-ultraviolet Light Generation In Atomic Gasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extreme-ultraviolet light generation in plasmonic nanostructures

et al. 2013

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“…HHG as the only method to generate the isolated attosecond pulse has been widely investigated [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] since its discovery in the late 1980s [14][15][16]. So far, the HHG process can be well understood by means of the well-known semiclassical three-step model [17,18] or by the quantum theory [19]. In the model, first, the intense laser field ionizes an atom or a molecule near the peak of the laser field.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-order harmonic generation spectra and isolated attosecond pulse generation with a two-color time delayed pulse

Feng

Chu

2012

Journal of Electron Spectroscopy and Related Phenomena

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“…This idea evolved starting from the numerical experiments of Schafer et al [3]. The work of Corkum [2], indeed, built on earlier contributions [4,5,6] and it has in turn been widely used to classically model different laser driven phenomena.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

ClassSTRONG: Classical simulations of strong field processes

Ciappina

Pérez-Hernández

Lewenstein

2014

Computer Physics Communications

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A set of Mathematica functions is presented to model classically two of the most important processes in strong field physics, namely high-order harmonic generation (HHG) and above-threshold ionization (ATI). Our approach is based on the numerical solution of the Newton-Lorentz equation of an electron moving on an electric field and takes advantage of the symbolic languages features and graphical power of Mathematica. Similarly as in the Strong Field Approximation (SFA), the effects of atomic potential on the motion of electron in the laser field are neglected. The SFA has proven to be an essential tool in strong field physics in the sense that it is able to predict with great precision the harmonic (in the HHG) and energy (in the ATI) limits. We have extended substantially the conventional classical simulations, where the electric field is only dependent on time, including spatial nonhomogeneous fields and spatial and temporal synthesized fields. Spatial nonhomogeneous fields appear when metal nanosystems interact with strong and short laser pulses and temporal synthesized fields are routinely generated in attosecond laboratories around the world. Temporal and spatial synthesized fields have received special attention nowadays because they would allow to exceed considerably the conventional harmonic and electron energy frontiers. Classical simulations are an invaluable tool to explore exhaustively the parameters domain at a cheap computational cost, before massive quantum mechanical calculations, absolutely indispensable for detailed analysis, are performed. Nature of problem: The Mathematica functions model high-order harmonic generation (HHG) and above-threshold ionization (ATI) using the classical equations of motion of an electron moving in an oscillating electric field. In Strong Field Physics HHG and ATI represent two of the most prominent examples of the nonperturbative interaction between strong laser sources and matter. In HHG an atomic or molecular bound electron is put into the continuum by the external laser electric field. Due to the oscillatory nature of the electromagnetic radiation, the electron is steered back and recombines with the parent ion converting its kinetic energy as high energy photons. For ATI the electron is laser-ionized in the same way as in HHG, but in its return it is elastically rescattered by the parent ion gaining even more kinetic energy. We incorporate functions for different laser pulse envelopes, namely sine-squared, gaussian, trapezoidal and numerically defined by the user. In addition we relax the assumption of spatial homogeneity of the laser electric field, allowing weak spatial variations with different functional forms. Finally we combine spatial and temporal synthesized laser fields to produce HHG and ATI. For all the cases the functions allow the extraction of pre-formatted graphs as well as raw data which can be used to generate plots with other graphical programs. PACSSolution method: The functions employ the numerical solution of the NewtonLorentz equat...

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High-order harmonic generation from atoms and ions in the high intensity regime

Cited by 1,417 publications

References 11 publications

Extreme-ultraviolet light generation in plasmonic nanostructures

Extreme-ultraviolet light generation in plasmonic nanostructures

High-order harmonic generation spectra and isolated attosecond pulse generation with a two-color time delayed pulse

ClassSTRONG: Classical simulations of strong field processes

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