High performance 1.2 Ah Si-alloy/Graphite|LiNi 0.5 Mn 0.3 Co 0.2 O 2 prototype Li-ion battery

Marinaro, Mario; Yoon, Dong-hwan; Gabrielli, Giulio; Stegmaier, Petra; Figgemeier, Egbert; Spurk, Paul; Nelis, Daniel; Schmidt, Gudrun; Chauveau, Jerome; Axmann, Peter; Wohlfahrt‐Mehrens, Margret

doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2017.05.010

Cited by 47 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Table 1 shows the composition, loading, and density for the anode and cathode that were used to manufacture the soft pouch cells. A detailed description of the electrodes' manufacturing processes can be found elsewhere [17]. Briefly, the aqueous anode slurry was composed of Si alloy (3M, Neuss, Germany) and graphite (SMG-A3, Hitachi, Tokyo, Japan) as the active materials, Super PLi (Imerys Graphite & Carbon, Bodio, Switzerland) as the conductive additive, and polyacrylic acid (MW 250k, Aldrich, Germany) as the binder.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electrical Characterization and Micro X-ray Computed Tomography Analysis of Next-Generation Silicon Alloy Lithium-Ion Cells

Berckmans

Sutter

Kersys

et al. 2018

WEVJ

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This study analyzed a prototype of a pouch cell containing silicon alloy anodes with the potential to significantly increase the energy density, resulting in improved autonomy for electric vehicles. An electrical characterization campaign was performed, resulting in three main observations. Firstly, measurements showed a high energy density, although a high lower cutoff voltage (3.0 V) was used due to the prototypical nature of the cells. Further optimization would allow a decrease of the lower cutoff voltage, resulting in an even higher energy density. Secondly, a large open-circuit voltage hysteresis was observed, increasing the complexity for equivalent circuit models. Thirdly, ballooning of the pouch cell was observed, most likely caused by gas formation. This leads to a loss of active surface area, significantly reducing the cell’s capacity. This third observation was more thoroughly investigated by 3D computed tomography, which showed mechanical deformation of the layers. An extensive literature review revealed that the addition of fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) to the electrolyte enhances the cycling stability of silicon alloy batteries but leads to the production of CO 2 as a side reaction. Furthermore, the usage of external pressure was proposed and validated as a methodology to reduce the production of CO 2 while improving the cells’ performance.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since silicon-based electrodes demonstrate high first-cycle irreversible capacity losses, a large excess of cathode was used. An anode to cathode capacity ratio of 1.28 (N/P) was selected [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrical Characterization and Micro X-ray Computed Tomography Analysis of Next-Generation Silicon Alloy Lithium-Ion Cells

Berckmans

Sutter

Kersys

et al. 2018

WEVJ

Self Cite

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“…Rheological properties as well as sedimentation behavior are in fact rarely considered at the lab scale, although they play a key role when electrodes for LIBs have to be produced at larger scale. As reported elsewhere, the use of the PAA binder helps avoiding sedimentation as it acts as dispersant agent. Independently from the molecular weight of the PAA being used, all slurries designed, developed and reported hereafter showed no sedimentation.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 72%

“…Then a momentary high stress for a period of ∼1 s was applied to determine the breakdown of the structure. Finally, the slurry was allowed to reach recover and reach the steady state viscosity , …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of the Molecular Weight of Poly‐Acrylic Acid Binder on Performance of Si‐Alloy/Graphite Composite Anodes for Lithium‐Ion Batteries

et al. 2018

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In this study Si‐alloy/graphite composite electrodes are manufactured using water‐soluble poly‐acrylic acid (PAA) binder of different molecular weights (250, 450 and 1250 kg mol−1). The study aims to assess the behavior of the different binders across all the steps needed for electrodes preparation and on their influence on the electrodes electrochemical behavior. At first, rheological properties of the water‐based slurries containing Si‐alloy, graphite, conductive carbon and PAA are studied. After coating, the adhesion strength and electronic conductivity of the manufactured electrodes are evaluated and compared. Finally, the electrochemical behavior of the composite anodes is evaluated. The electrodes show high gravimetric as well as high areal capacity (∼750 mAh/g; ∼3 mAh/cm2). The influence of the binder on the first cycle irreversible loss is considered as well as its effectiveness in minimizing the electrode volume variation upon lithiation/de‐lithiation. It is finally demonstrated that the use of 8 wt.% of PAA‐250k in the electrode formulation leads to the best performance in terms of high rate performance and long term stability.

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“…As shown in Figure , the viscosity rapidly decreases with increased shear rate, and the original viscosity is reached again in the recovery zone within a sufficiently short time of 5 s for the NMC811_A 15 h slurry and 11 s for the NMC622_A 15 h slurry. This fast regaining of the steady state demonstrates the excellent processability of the slurries and allows for the production of homogeneous, load gradient‐free electrodes with sharp edges, as the undesired flowing behavior as soon as the slurry passes the slot‐die can be considered as negligible …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 90%

Production Research as Key Factor for Successful Establishment of Battery Production on the Example of Large‐Scale Automotive Cells Containing Nickel‐Rich LiNi_0.8Mn_0.1Co_0.1O₂ Electrodes

2020

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The increased focus on electromobility in European countries is closely linked to the establishment of local lithium‐ion battery (LIB) mass production facilities, such as Tesla's Gigafactory 1 in Nevada. While extensive knowledge in LIB lab‐scale assembly already exists, the transfer to industry‐scale production is an area of challenge that is tackled through intense production research. Slurries of nickel‐rich NMC811 that is sensitive to environmental conditions, and therefore more difficult to process, are successfully up‐scaled to 65 kg industry‐scale batches and investigated through rheological measurements. Defect‐free, double‐side‐coated electrodes with ≈400 m in length are obtained via slot‐die coating and assembled into large‐scale PHEV‐1 cells with graphite as the counter electrode. Possible production‐induced defects are examined through computed tomography (CT). The obtained qualified, automotive cells are investigated through galvanostatic charge/discharge testing that confirms excellent cycling performance with discharge capacities of 26.3 Ah (1st cycle) and 25.4 Ah (300th cycle), which corresponds to a capacity retention of 96.6%. These results are compared with NMC811‐containing cells from lab‐scale/literature, and large‐scale products (slurries, electrodes, and PHEV‐1 cells) containing the predecessor material NMC622. The scalability of slurry preparation, electrode production, and cell assembly with special emphasis on differences between lab‐scale and industry‐scale production is discussed.

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High performance 1.2 Ah Si-alloy/Graphite|LiNi 0.5 Mn 0.3 Co 0.2 O 2 prototype Li-ion battery

Cited by 47 publications

References 42 publications

Electrical Characterization and Micro X-ray Computed Tomography Analysis of Next-Generation Silicon Alloy Lithium-Ion Cells

Electrical Characterization and Micro X-ray Computed Tomography Analysis of Next-Generation Silicon Alloy Lithium-Ion Cells

Influence of the Molecular Weight of Poly‐Acrylic Acid Binder on Performance of Si‐Alloy/Graphite Composite Anodes for Lithium‐Ion Batteries

Production Research as Key Factor for Successful Establishment of Battery Production on the Example of Large‐Scale Automotive Cells Containing Nickel‐Rich LiNi_0.8Mn_0.1Co_0.1O₂ Electrodes

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High performance 1.2 Ah Si-alloy/Graphite|LiNi 0.5 Mn 0.3 Co 0.2 O 2 prototype Li-ion battery

Cited by 47 publications

References 42 publications

Electrical Characterization and Micro X-ray Computed Tomography Analysis of Next-Generation Silicon Alloy Lithium-Ion Cells

Electrical Characterization and Micro X-ray Computed Tomography Analysis of Next-Generation Silicon Alloy Lithium-Ion Cells

Influence of the Molecular Weight of Poly‐Acrylic Acid Binder on Performance of Si‐Alloy/Graphite Composite Anodes for Lithium‐Ion Batteries

Production Research as Key Factor for Successful Establishment of Battery Production on the Example of Large‐Scale Automotive Cells Containing Nickel‐Rich LiNi0.8Mn0.1Co0.1O2 Electrodes

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Product

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Production Research as Key Factor for Successful Establishment of Battery Production on the Example of Large‐Scale Automotive Cells Containing Nickel‐Rich LiNi_0.8Mn_0.1Co_0.1O₂ Electrodes