High-performance all-polymer integrated circuits

Gelinck, Gerwin H.; Geuns, Tom C. T.; Leeuw, D.M. de

doi:10.1063/1.1290728

Cited by 462 publications

(251 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…However, there are still four experimental modes denoted as 1 , 2 , 3 , and 4 in Table I which are not assigned by the isolated chain model calculation. 16 To see whether those modes derive from the crystalline nature of the measured samples, we have performed calculations for crystalline PPV and have found that the four experimental frequencies are successfully reproduced in our calculation, as shown in Table II.…”

Section: A Vibrational Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ab initio dynamics study of poly-para-phenylene vinylene

Zheng

Clark

Tulip

et al. 2005

The Journal of Chemical Physics

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Use policyThe full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-pro t purposes provided that:• a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in DRO • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders.Please consult the full DRO policy for further details. We present an ab initio dynamics investigation within a density-functional perturbation theory framework of the properties of the conjugated polymer poly-para-phenylene vinylene ͑PPV͒ in both the isolated chain and crystalline states. The calculated results show that for an isolated chain, most of the vibrational modes correspond to experimentally observed modes in crystalline PPV. However, additional hitherto unidentified modes have been observed in experiment and our calculations on crystalline material have allowed us to assign these. We also present the results of calculations of the polarizability and permittivity tensors of the material, which are in reasonable agreement with the typical values for conjugated polymers. Dynamical Born effective charges ͓S. Baroni, S. de Gironcoli, A. Dal Corso, and P. Giannozzi, Rev. Mod. Phys. 73, 515 ͑2001͔͒ are calculated and compared with atomic charges obtained from Mulliken population analysis ͓M. D. Segall, C. J. Pickard, R. Shah, and M. C. Payne, Mol. Phys. 89, 571 ͑1996͔͒ and we conclude that effective charges are more appropriate for use in the study of the dynamics of the system. Notable differences are found in the infrared-absorption spectra obtained for the isolated chain and crystalline states, which can be attributed to the differences in the crystalline packing effects, which clearly play a key role in influencing the lattice dynamics of PPV.

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Section: A Vibrational Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ab initio dynamics study of poly-para-phenylene vinylene

Zheng

Clark

Tulip

et al. 2005

The Journal of Chemical Physics

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“…The wide range of controllable optoelectronic properties, coupled with excellent stability, make them attractive as electronic materials for potential use in a variety of applications such as biosensors, 4 batteries, 5 and field effect transistors. [6][7][8] Experimental and theoretical investigations of the dynamical properties of conjugated polymers play a key role in understanding the structural and microscopic optoelectronic properties of the materials in various phases in both the pristine and doped states. 9,10 However, it is often the case that information obtained by different methods has been quite inconsistent.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lattice dynamics of polyaniline and poly(p-pyridyl vinyline): First-principles determination

et al. 2006

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The full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-pro t purposes provided that:• a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in DRO • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders.Please consult the full DRO policy for further details. First-principles density functional studies of the dynamical properties of the conjugated polymers polyaniline and poly͑p-pyridyl vinyline͒ are presented in this work. We have employed linear response within density functional perturbation theory, as implemented in the CASTEP code, to investigate the Born effective charges, polarizabilities, and vibrational properties. With regard to the last, we have calculated the vibrational frequencies and made assignments of the modes for the two polymers. Most of the phonon modes have been classified and we have shown that the higher frequency modes are associated with C u H and C v N stretching modes. We also present the results of calculations of the polarizability and permittivity of the materials which are in reasonable agreement with the typical values of conjugated polymers. Dynamical Born effective charges have been calculated and compared with the Mulliken population atomic charges. It is found that notable differences exist between the Born effective charges for the nitrogen atoms in the conducting polymers, and we conclude that effective charges are more appropriate for use in the study of the dynamics of the systems. Differences are found in the ir absorption spectra obtained for the two polymers, which can be attributed to the structural differences of the two materials. It is found that the presence of the nitrogen atom plays an important role in determining their lattice dynamics.

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“…The interest in organic thin-film transistors ͑TFTs͒ has grown rapidly due to envisaged applications, such as integrated circuits 1 and active-matrix displays. 2 The switching speed of organic integrated circuits can be estimated from the performance of the individual transistors and is roughly proportional to ϳ FE /L 2 , 3 where L is the channel length of the transistor, and FE is the field-effect mobility.…”

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Scaling behavior and parasitic series resistance in disordered organic field-effect transistors

Meijer

Veenendaal

Huisman

et al. 2003

Applied Physics Letters

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The scaling behavior of the transfer characteristics of solution-processed disordered organic thin-film transistors with channel length is investigated. This is done for a variety of organic semiconductors in combination with gold injecting electrodes. From the channel-length dependence of the transistor resistance in the conducting ON-state, we determine the field-effect mobility and the parasitic series resistance. The extracted parasitic resistance, typically in the M⍀ range, depends on the applied gate voltage, and we find experimentally that the parasitic resistance decreases with increasing field-effect mobility. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. ͓DOI: 10.1063/1.1581389͔The interest in organic thin-film transistors ͑TFTs͒ has grown rapidly due to envisaged applications, such as integrated circuits 1 and active-matrix displays. 2 The switching speed of organic integrated circuits can be estimated from the performance of the individual transistors and is roughly proportional to ϳ FE /L 2 , 3 where L is the channel length of the transistor, and FE is the field-effect mobility. To reach higher switching speeds, the search for higher mobility materials is therefore important, but it is also of great interest to downsize the transistor geometries. In this work, the scaling behavior of the transfer characteristics with transistor channel length is investigated for a variety of solutionprocessable organic TFTs.In the experiments, we use heavily doped Si wafers as the gate electrode, with a 200-nm-thick layer of thermally oxidized SiO 2 as the gate-insulating layer. Using conventional lithography, gold source and drain contacts 100 nm thick are defined, with channel widths ranging from 1 mm to 1 cm and channel lengths between 0.75 and 40 m. The structures typically have an underetch of 0.5 m, which we neglect in the following analysis. A 10-nm layer of titanium acts as an adhesion layer for the gold on the SiO 2 . The SiO 2 layer is treated with the primer hexamethyldisilazane to make the surface hydrophobic. No special care is taken to clean the gold surface prior to deposition of the semiconductor. Poly͑2,5-thienylene vinylene͒ ͑PTV͒ films as semiconductor layer are deposited using a precursor-route process. 3 We systematically varied the processing conditions for the conversion from precursor to PTV, and we determined the average degree of conversion using the method described by Fuchigami et al. 4 This enabled us to systematically study PTV transistors at various degrees of conversion ranging from 60% to 100%, and consequently over a range of field-effect mobilities, between 10 Ϫ4 and 10 Ϫ3 cm 2 /V s. Poly͑3-hexyl thiophene͒ ͑P3HT͒ is spin-coated from a 1 wt % chloroform solution. Films of poly͓͑2-methoxy-5-(3Ј,7Ј-dimethyloctyloxy͔͒-p-phenylene vinylene͒ (OC 1 C 10 -PPV) and poly͓͑2,5-di-(3Ј,7Ј-dimethyloctyloxy͔͒-p-phenylene vinylene͒ (OC 10 C 10 -PPV), are spun from a 0.5 wt % toluene solution. Pentacene thin films are deposited using a precursor-route process. 3 The measurements are performed on freshly...

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High-performance all-polymer integrated circuits

Cited by 462 publications

References 18 publications

Ab initio dynamics study of poly-para-phenylene vinylene

Ab initio dynamics study of poly-para-phenylene vinylene

Lattice dynamics of polyaniline and poly(p-pyridyl vinyline): First-principles determination

Scaling behavior and parasitic series resistance in disordered organic field-effect transistors

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