High performance cation exchange membranes synthesized <i>via in situ</i> emulsion polymerization without organic solvents and corrosive acids

Jiang, Shanxue; Ladewig, Bradley P.

doi:10.1039/c9ta06248c

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…The first one was the evaporation of water inside the membranes (∼150 °C). The functional groups −SO 3 – in the membranes had a positive retention effect on water molecules, causing the continuous release of water molecules . FT-IR characterization also indicated the existence of water inside CEM-X.…”

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…The functional groups −SO 3 − in the membranes had a positive retention effect on water molecules, causing the continuous release of water molecules. 27 FT-IR characterization also indicated the existence of water inside CEM-X. The mass degradation at around ∼380 °C was attributed to the decomposition of −SO 3 − .…”

Section: Membrane Morphology Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 91%

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Preparation of High-Performance Semihomogeneous Cation Exchange Membranes for Electrodialysis via Solvent-Free Polyethylene Particle-Confined Monomer Polymerization

Zhao

Liu

Zhang

et al. 2023

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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The inherent two-phase structure of heterogeneous ion exchange membranes leads to defects in high area resistance and powder, which has greatly limited the application in electrodialysis. In this research, we have prepared a series of semihomogeneous cation exchange membranes from polyethylene-polystyrene (PE−PS) resin particles, which were synthesized via monomer absorption and PE particleconfined polymerization. The processing of semihomogeneous cation exchange membranes was conducted via thermoforming the PE−PS resin particles into films and subsequent sulfonation. The influence of the monomer content on water uptake, IEC, membrane area resistance, and electrodialysis performance was studied. The results proved that due to the excellent mechanical and film-forming characteristics of PE, the sulfonated membranes were still endowed with great mechanical properties, and the heating conditions enhanced the monomer absorption in polyethylene particles, which ensured high IEC for excellent electrodialysis performance after sulfonation. It was observed that the semihomogeneous cation exchange membrane (CEM-60) showed the highest NaCl desalination ratio (92.3%) and exhibited higher current efficiency (97.68%) and lowest surface area resistance (1.82 Ω•cm 2 ), which exceeded the commercial cation exchange membrane CAM (6.96 Ω•cm 2 ). These results suggested a promising future of semihomogeneous membranes.

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Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Membrane Morphology Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 91%

Preparation of High-Performance Semihomogeneous Cation Exchange Membranes for Electrodialysis via Solvent-Free Polyethylene Particle-Confined Monomer Polymerization

Zhao

Liu

Zhang

et al. 2023

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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“…73 Ion exchange membranes are produced by incorporating ion exchangers, such as electroactive materials, into a polymer binder. 74 Ion exchange is also widely used in a variety of other industries, including food and beverage production, agriculture, semiconductor manufacturing, power generation, hydrometallurgy, metals finishing, chemical, petrochemical, and pharmaceutical processing, as well as the production of sugar and sweeteners, ground and potable water purification, nuclear reprocessing, and softening. 75 Ion exchangers have a wide range of applications in various fields, including medicine, metal recovery, nuclear industry, water treatment, biotechnology, food production, waste recycling, microelectronics, and more.…”

Section: Membranesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Poly(o‐anisidine), its composites, derivatives and applications: A review

Vispute,

Mukke,

2023

Polymers for Advanced Techs

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Poly(o‐anisidine) (POA) is from the conductive polymer family and derivative of polyaniline. It can be mainly synthesized in two routes, chemical synthesis produces a powdered polymer, whereas electrochemical synthesis produces thin films. The plain POA explored for the anticorrosive applications on aluminum, copper, and brass surface. The POA is also explored in nanoparticles and nanofibers form. Along with plain POA, the composites of POA are popular and various materials such as carbon nanotube, graphene, vanadium pentoxide, cerium dioxide, are explored for the synthesis of POA composites. The POA composites find application as catalyst, for anticorrosive coating, for conductivity and membrane applications. The composites are used for sensor, detector, ion exchange membrane, anticorrosive coating on steel and aluminum substrate. The various derivatives of POA such as poly(2‐anisidine), poly(aniline‐co‐2‐anisidine), poly(aniline‐co‐o‐anisidine‐co‐o‐toluidine), poly(aniline‐co‐o‐anisidine), and poly(o‐anisidine‐co‐o‐toluidine) are explored in the literature and they have shown better performance as compared to the plain POA in terms of anticorrosive coating as well as they used in development of sensors and detectors. The health hazards of POA is slightly touched at the end of the review hence the study gives the brief idea about POA, its composites, POA derivatives with its wide range of applications in various sectors.

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“…To avoid the usage of organic solvents during IEM preparation, relevant researchers have come up with solvent-free strategies. , Xu et al developed a one-pot solvent-free synthesis of cross-linked anion-exchange membranes (AEMs). Jiang and Ladewig proposed a method via in situ emulsion polymerization to synthesize high-performance CEMs without using organic solvents and sulfonation agents. Paul et al reported disulfonated poly(arylene ether sulfone) desalination membranes formed by solvent-free melt extrusion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The properties and performance of fabricated CEMs were evaluated in water desalination experiments. 20 14.0 g (67.9 mmol) of sodium SSS was added into a conical flask and completely dissolved in 100 mL of deionized water, followed by the addition of 70.4 mL of tetrabutylammonium hydroxide solution. The liquid was observed to become turbid and was left standing for 30 min at room temperature until the liquid layered.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Green Fabrication of Tertrabutylammonium Styrene Sulfonate Cation-Exchange Membranes via a Solvent-Free Photopolymerization Strategy

Pan

Liu

Tao

et al. 2021

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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A solvent-free UV-initiated free-radical photopolymerization was employed to synthesize a series of cation-exchange membranes (CEMs) based on tertrabutylammonium styrene sulfonate (SSTBA). A novel casting solution was formed by dissolving SSTBA and an initiator in a mixture of styrene and trimethylolpropane triacrylate monomers without any organic solvent. Polymerization and membrane formation were simultaneously progressed to obtain the cross-linked CEMs within only 15 min, and the electrochemical properties were not inferior to those of the commercial CEMs. The effects of SSTBA content on mechanical stability, ion-exchange capacity (IEC), water uptake, and membrane resistance were investigated. It was found that with the increasing content of SSTBA, the overall properties of membranes were improved. The practicability of prepared membranes was evaluated by desalination performance in electrodialysis. The membrane with the most superior performance exhibited IEC of 2.2 mmol•g −1 , a resistance of 0.78 Ω•cm 2 , and a desalination ratio up to 99.3%, better than commercial CEMs. These results confirmed the possibility of preparing CEMs with an environmentally friendly strategy.

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High performance cation exchange membranes synthesized via in situ emulsion polymerization without organic solvents and corrosive acids

Abstract: This paper demonstrates a new methodology for preparing cation exchange membranes in an effective and environment-friendly way.

Cited by 12 publications

References 46 publications

Preparation of High-Performance Semihomogeneous Cation Exchange Membranes for Electrodialysis via Solvent-Free Polyethylene Particle-Confined Monomer Polymerization

Preparation of High-Performance Semihomogeneous Cation Exchange Membranes for Electrodialysis via Solvent-Free Polyethylene Particle-Confined Monomer Polymerization

Poly(o‐anisidine), its composites, derivatives and applications: A review

Green Fabrication of Tertrabutylammonium Styrene Sulfonate Cation-Exchange Membranes via a Solvent-Free Photopolymerization Strategy

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