High performance cement-based grouts for use in a nuclear waste disposal facility

Onofrei, M.; Gray, Μ. N.; Coons, W.E.; Alcorn, Stephen R.

doi:10.1016/0956-053x(92)90045-k

Cited by 17 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…8, in which only the data in a linear relation between the cumulative volume of penetrated water and time are presented. The hydraulic conductivity of LP is 4.3 10 -13 m/sec, which is slightly lower than the value typically observed for intact granite (which is on the order of 1 10 -12 m/sec) [29]. On the other hand, the hydraulic conductivity of HP is 1.06 10 -11 m/sec.…”

Section: Hydraulic Conductivitymentioning

confidence: 58%

“…Onofrei et al (1992) showed that under conditions of w/b ranging from 0.4 to 0.8, SF-added grout decreases the apparent hydraulic conductivity (K) to approximately 10 -15 m/sec, which is only slightly influenced by w/b; the value for high-strength SF grout is 2 to 3 orders of magnitude lower than that typically observed for intact granite [29]. However, SF simultaneously acts to reduce the hydraulic conductivity, which enhances the long-term durability of the grout and increases the demands in w/b, which generally results in low density and leads to a greater possibility of water ingress and shrinkage.…”

Section: Hydraulic Conductivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The decrease in hydraulic conductivity is considered to be a consequence of the decrease in pore size and the reduction of the connected capillary pore space (microfiller) due to the addition of SF [29,30]. Onofrei et al (1992) showed that under conditions of w/b ranging from 0.4 to 0.8, SF-added grout decreases the apparent hydraulic conductivity (K) to approximately 10 -15 m/sec, which is only slightly influenced by w/b; the value for high-strength SF grout is 2 to 3 orders of magnitude lower than that typically observed for intact granite [29].…”

Section: Hydraulic Conductivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Properties of Low-Ph Cement Grout as a Sealing Material for the Geological Disposal of Radioactive Waste

Kim¹,

Kwon²,

Choi³

et al. 2011

Nuclear Engineering and Technology

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Section: Hydraulic Conductivitymentioning

confidence: 58%

Section: Hydraulic Conductivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Hydraulic Conductivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Properties of Low-Ph Cement Grout as a Sealing Material for the Geological Disposal of Radioactive Waste

Kim¹,

Kwon²,

Choi³

et al. 2011

Nuclear Engineering and Technology

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“…R. Alcorn and co-investigators (Alcorn et al 1989(Alcorn et al , 1990(Alcorn et al , 1991Alcom and Christian-Frear 1992;Onofrei et al 1992) have published a series of studies in which the geochemical reaction codes PI-IREEQE and EQ3NRlEQ6 were used to model cementfwater reactions. Their conceptual model included the use of 14-A tobermorite as a proxy for the C-S-H CaH,Si04…”

Section: A5 Studies By a R Alcorn And Othersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The conceptual model used a normative composition for the initial cement that contained only five phases: 14-A tobermorite (77.7 mol%), hydrogarnet (13.3 mol%), Fe-bearing hydrogarnet (6.4 mol%), ettringite (1.7 mol%), and Fe-bearing ettringite (0.9 mol%). Onofrei et al (1992) summarized major findings from combined laboratory and modeling studies of the development and longevity of a specially developed high-performance cement-grout. Their paper included discussions of the development of reference high-performance grout, such as mix design; laboratory testing; field trials; and longevity studies, such as laboratory studies of superplasticizer sorption, leaching, hydraulic conductivity, and porosity, and numerical modeling.…”

Section: A5 Studies By a R Alcorn And Othersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects on radionuclide concentrations by cement/ground-water interactions in support of performance assessment of low-level radioactive waste disposal facilities

Krupka¹,

Serne²

1998

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C o p k r o f h b r t r y~m d r t n d v d r u n d h 8~m m r h t h . N R C~~r AbstractThe U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) is developing a technical position document that provides guidance regarding the performance assessment of low-level radioactive waste (LLW) disposal facilities. This guidance includes considerations associated with the chemical environment of the vault disposal system and the effects this system may have on the release and mobility of radionuclides. Because the disposal system will contain cementitious materials as structural, waste form, andor bacld'ill materials, the geochemical properties of pore waters buffered by reactions with cement will be very different from those waters associated with the local soil and geology. This environment therefore needs to be considered within the source term calculations if credit is taken for solubility limits andor distribution coefficients for -dissolved radionuclide concentrqtions within disposal units. Geochemical modeling may be used to assess potential chemical conditions in concrete vault disposal units and associated effects on aqueous speciation, solubilities, and sorption of radionuclides that are released from the waste form.In support of NRC7s development of this technical position, two literature reviews were done on information related to the chemical environments associated with the interaction of water with cementitious materials. One review was conducted on methods and associated solid-phase assemblages used to model the composition of pore water resulting from reaction with cementitious materials used in a disposal vault. This literature review also included related information on experimental studies of cemendwater systems, natural analogue studies of cement and concrete, and radionuclide solubilities experimentally determined in cement pore fluids.Based on the results of .this review, geochemical modeling was used to demonstrate the calculation of conservative maximum concentrations for dissolved americium, neptunium, nickel, plutonium, radium, strontium, thorium, and uranium with respect to key geochemical input parameters for two ground-water environments associated with the disposal system. These environments include 1) a cement buffered system, wherein the leachate pH is controlled at values above 10 by the effective buffering capacity of the concrete; and 2) a ground-water buffered system, wherein the leachate pH and related solution parameters are dominated by the local ground-water system.Another literature review was completed on the available data for the sorption potential of selected LLW radionuclides onto "fresh" cement/concretewhere the expected pH of the cement pore waters will equal or exceed 10. The review included data for the radionuclides americium, inorganic carbon, chlorine, iodine, lanthanide elements, niobium, nickel, neptunium, plutonium, radium, strontium, technetium, thorium, and uranium. Based on information gleaned from the literature, a database was developed of preferred minimum distribution coeff...

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Radioactive wastes

Devarakonda¹

1993

Water Environment Research

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High performance cement-based grouts for use in a nuclear waste disposal facility

Cited by 17 publications

References 2 publications

Properties of Low-Ph Cement Grout as a Sealing Material for the Geological Disposal of Radioactive Waste

Properties of Low-Ph Cement Grout as a Sealing Material for the Geological Disposal of Radioactive Waste

Effects on radionuclide concentrations by cement/ground-water interactions in support of performance assessment of low-level radioactive waste disposal facilities

Radioactive wastes

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