High-performance diluted nickel nanoclusters decorating ruthenium nanowires for pH-universal overall water splitting

Abstract

Developing a versatile electrocatalyst with remarkable performance viable for pH-universal overall water splitting is increasingly important for the industrial production of renewable energy conversion. Herein, our theoretical calculations predicate that...

Synergic Reaction Kinetics over Adjacent Ruthenium Sites for Superb Hydrogen Generation in Alkaline Media

“…To our best knowledge, the reported activity of Ru 1,n -NC was also superior to most of the Ru-based catalysts in literature (Figure 3f,g). [8][9][10][11][12][13]16,21,24,[28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35] In order to identify the main active components in Ru 1,n -NC, the potassium thiocyanate (KSCN) and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid disodium (EDTA) involved poisoning experiments were performed. It should be noted that KSCN can be coordinated with both Ru nanoparticles and single atoms, but EDTA is mainly coordinated with Ru single atoms.…”

“…To our best knowledge, the reported activity of Ru 1,n ‐NC was also superior to most of the Ru‐based catalysts in literature (Figure 3f,g). [ 8–13,16,21,24,28–35 ]…”

Supported Sub‐Nanometer Clusters for Electrocatalysis Applications

“…The controlled synthesis of sub-nanometer clusters is relatively complicated as compared with the case of NPs because it is difficult to rationally stabilize several targeted atoms on the support, which is more like the metastable mesophase between SACs and NPs. As shown in Figure 2, we highlight several synthetic strategies, including wet-chemical methods, [23][24][25][26][27][28][29] confinement combined with precursor-preselected strategy, [30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38] defect-driven deposition, [39][40][41] and electrochemical methods, [42][43][44][45][46][47][48] etc. The general and essential characteristics of those strategies are that the strongly anchored sites on the support should be firstly guaranteed, combining with an appropriate and controllable nucleation process, which enables to precisely control the cluster size and composition by modulating the synthesis parameters.…”

An indium-induced-synthesis In0.17Ru0.83O2 nanoribbon as highly active electrocatalyst for oxygen evolution in acidic media at high current densities above 400 mA cm−2

“…To deal with the increasing shortage of and pollution by fossil energy, it is necessary to develop a non-polluting hydrogen fuel with a high calorific value. 1–3 As one of the most promising hydrogen production techniques, proton exchange membrane water electrolysis (PEMWE) is a research hotspot in the field of energy conversion. 4,5 It can operate in acidic electrolysers with current densities a factor of three to four times higher than that in alkaline electrolysers.…”

“…12–14 A series of electrocatalysts were prepared by constructing perovskite, bimetallic oxide or spinel structures, such as Pb 2 Ru 2 O 6.5 , 15 [Ru 2– x Pb x ]O 6.5 , Y 2 [Ru 1.6 Y 0.4 ]O 7− δ Sm 2 Ru 2 O 7 , 16 Bi 2.4 Ru 1.6 O 7 , 17 Y 2 [Y x Ru 2− x ]O 7− y , 18 Y 2 Ru 2 O 7− δ , 19 Cu–RuO 2 , 20 Cr 0.6 Ru 0.4 O 2 , 21 Mg–RuO 2 , 22 Co 0.11 Ru 0.89 O 2− δ , 23 Ir 0.7 Ru 0.3 O 2 , 24 RuIrCaO x (ref. 25) and Ni cluster –Ru NWs, 1 realizing an overpotential below 300 mV or even 200 mV at a current density of 10 mA cm −2 . However, the above catalysts can only achieve current densities below 100 or even 50 mA cm −2 , while the current density of the most advanced PEMWE is generally as high as 1.6 A cm −2 .…”