High Performance Eight-Port Dual-Band MIMO Antenna System for 5G Devices

Abstract

This study provides an eight-component multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna architecture for fifth-generation (5G) mobile communication systems. The single antenna element is comprised of an L-shaped radiating component, an L-shaped parasitic element, and a ground plane with a rectangular slot. The main element with a slot-loaded ground plane helps to draw current from a coaxial feed from the other side of the board, while the parasitic element helps to elongate the current path and improve the impedance of the system. This enables the system to radiate at two different frequency ranges: 3.34–3.7 GHz and 4.67–5.08 GHz, with 360 MHz and 410 MHz bandwidths, respectively. For MIMO configuration, the radiating elements are designed on either side of a 0.8 mm thick FR-4 substrate, allowing space to accommodate a battery, radio frequency (RF) systems and subsystems, and camera and sensor modules. The corner and the middle elements are arranged in such a manner so that they can provide spatial and pattern diversity. Furthermore, at least 12 dB of isolation is established between any two radiating elements. Various MIMO performance parameters were evaluated, e.g., mean effective gain (MEG), channel capacity (CC), envelope correlation coefficient (ECC), realized gain, far-field characteristics, and efficiency. Single- and double-hand mode evaluations were performed to further demonstrate the capability of the proposed MIMO antenna. A prototype of the proposed MIMO antenna was manufactured and assessed to verify the simulated data. The measured and simulated results were found to be in good agreement. On the basis of its performance characteristics, the designed MIMO system could be used in 5G communication systems.

Broadband Multiple Input Multiple Output antenna for sub‐6‐GHz 5G communications

“…The proposed antenna has an extremely low profile compared with the literature. [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] The profile height is 0.006λ g , which is 57% thinner than the antennas reported in the literature [7][8][9][10][12][13][14][15] and 92% thinner than in Han et al 11 3. The calculated fractional bandwidth (FBW) of the proposed antenna is 63%, which covers both n77 and n79 bands allocated for 5G communications in India.…”

“…The proposed monopole antenna has a small radiating aperture (12 Â 5 mm) compared with the antennas reported in the literature. 7,9,10,[12][13][14][15] The proposed monopole's aperture is 91%, 43%, 92%, 75%, 71%, 73%, and 81% smaller than the antennas reported in the literature. 7,9,10,12-15 2.…”

“…The chosen dimension is in-line with many of the references in the literature. [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] The size along the "x" and "y" may vary by ±10 mm based on the standard dimensions of the region. The magnified view of the antenna element with optimized dimensions is described in Figure 1B.…”

“…A few other MIMO antennas for 4G and 5G mobile handsets have also been described in Mathur et al, Kiani et al, and Aziz and Naji. [13][14][15] The researchers in Desai et al, Kulkarni et al, and Addepalli et al [16][17][18][19][20] have demonstrated some MIMO antenna solutions for sub-6-GHz 5G communications and UWB communications. The findings in Desai et al 16,17,19 and Addepalli et al 20 are suitable for network terminals other than mobile phone platforms, while Kulkarni et al 18 describe a four-element MIMO solution for mobile handset applications.…”

Combined Open-Slot and Monopole 8 × 8 High-Isolation Broadband MIMO Antenna System for Sub-6 GHz Terminals

“…Another research hotspot of sub-6 GHz antennas concerns improving the throughput of 5G terminals, where multi-input multioutput (MIMO) technologies have proved to be promising candidates [5,6]; eight and more MIMO antenna elements have been validated to form reliable mobile terminal antenna systems, while most of them may possess insufcient bandwidth performance [7][8][9][10][11]. To summarize, wideband MIMO antennas covering the whole sub-6 GHz bands are of high signifcance for 5G terminal applications, whereas reported ones in the literature mostly operate in part of the band [12][13][14][15][16].…”