High-performance electrothermal coatings based on natural flake graphite for multifunctional electrothermal applications

Lei, Zhi; Duan, Shengzhi; Wu, Xiaowen; Gao, Chaochao; Wang, Lianyi; Min, Xin; Huang, Zhaohui; Fang, Minghao; Luo, Ruiying; Luo, Bing

doi:10.1016/j.jmrt.2023.01.071

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Compared to the reference polyol, the viscosity increased slightly for ME and decreased for expandable graphite as the flame retardant added 23 . In general, the viscosity increases when a powder substance is mixed with a liquid; however, in the case of graphite, the van der Waals forces between particles are very weak, making the powder easy to separate and slide 24–26 . The viscosity of PU‐TCPP and PU‐CR decreased with the addition of a liquid flame retardant that has a lower viscosity than the polyol raw materials 27–30…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…23 In general, the viscosity increases when a powder substance is mixed with a liquid; however, in the case of graphite, the van der Waals forces between particles are very weak, making the powder easy to separate and slide. [24][25][26] The viscosity of PU-TCPP and PU-CR decreased with the addition of a liquid flame retardant that has a lower viscosity than the polyol raw materials. [27][28][29][30] To analyze the foaming properties of the urethane foam, cup foaming was performed, and the results are summarized in Table 3.…”

Section: Foaming Characterization Of Fpufmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analysis of mechanical and flame‐retardant properties of flexible polyurethane foams

Kim,

Jeon

2023

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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In this study, the mechanical and flame‐retardant properties of flexible polyurethane foams (FPUF) were analyzed as a function of the type of flame retardant. FPUF containing equal amounts of two halogenated flame retardants (tris 2‐cloropropyl phosphate [TCPP] and phosphinyl alkyl phosphate ester) and three halogen‐free flame retardants (melamine, melamine cyanurate, and expandable graphite) were considered. The foaming properties of these samples were analyzed by studying the rise time and settling rate using cup foaming. Square foaming was used to analyze the mechanical properties, including density, elongation, tensile strength, and tear strength. In addition, Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy was performed, and flame retardancy was evaluated using a horizontal flame test and the limited oxygen index. A cone calorimeter test was also performed to evaluate the combustion characteristics. In FPUF containing the same ratio of flame retardant (15% of the total polyol), the properties of urethane foam blended with expandable graphite were improved; the tensile strength of this blend is 20% higher than that of samples containing melamine, and its peak heat release showed a 70% reduction compared to that of samples containing TCPP. These findings provide valuable reference information for developing flame retardants for fire safety FPUF in the near future.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Foaming Characterization Of Fpufmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of mechanical and flame‐retardant properties of flexible polyurethane foams

Kim,

Jeon

2023

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…Graphite-based electrothermal lm can reach a maximum temperature of 199°C at 18 V 20 . However, the high resistivity when CB or graphite as conductive llers limit their application in some exible electrothermal devices.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multifunctional and high-performance electrothermal films based on carbon black/Ag nanowires/graphene composites

Zhang,

Gao,

et al. 2024

Preprint

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A novel carbon black/Ag nanowires/graphene (CB/Ag/G) composite electrothermal film was fabricated via a simple and green method. An Ag/G composite synthesized by liquid-phase exfoliation and in-situ photoreduction was mixed with CB to form a composite conductive ink, and the CB/Ag/G composite electrothermal film with a point-line-plane three-dimensional microstructure was obtained via blade coating process. Both the addition of Ag nanowires and a subsequent compression rolling treatment induced the establishment of effective conductive network in the electrothermal film, endowing it with an outstanding conductivity of 399.4 S cm-1. The CB/Ag/G film reached a Ts of 204 °C with an input voltage of 3.0 V, and was successfully applied in water heating and de-icing, demonstrating its extraordinary electrothermal performance and vast potential for large-scale practical applications. Moreover, the CB/Ag/G film was also used as an electromagnetic shielding film and heat dissipation substrate, showing exceptional electromagnetic shielding (42.5 dB) and heat dissipation properties.

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“…In terms of electrothermal conversion, materials obey Joule’s Law, accumulating heat energy via electricity. This makes these systems environmentally friendly, responsive, and ideal for electronic devices, physiotherapy, and defrosting …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This makes these systems environmentally friendly, responsive, and ideal for electronic devices, 8 physiotherapy, 9 and defrosting. 10 Phase change materials (PCMs) are ubiquitously employed in thermal storage systems. 11 Their widespread use is attributed to their affordability, accessibility, and ability to absorb and release thermal energy while delivering functional temperatures.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Melamine Foam/CNT/Graphene Hybrid Aerogel-Based Phase Change Composites with High Latent Heat Capacity for Solar/Electrothermal Conversion

Deng

Kou

Liu

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Energy Mater.

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Phase change materials (PCMs) possess notable advantages in the realm of energy conversion and storage due to their capacity to absorb and release thermal energy, high energy density, and consistent phase change temperature. Nevertheless, several drawbacks, including the issue of leakage during solid− liquid phase transition, inadequate solar absorption capabilities, and low thermal and electrical conductivity, limit the advancement of PCMs. Although substantial efforts have been directed toward constructing composite PCMs based on three-dimensional (3D) carriers, their practical application in energy conversion necessitates further investigation. In this study, we have successfully fabricated a lightweight composite PCM without liquid phase leakage for addressing the requirements for high enthalpy and solar-thermal energy conversion and storage. By utilizing a combination of melamine foam (MF), graphene nanoplatelets (GNP), and carbon nanotubes (CNT) as the supporting framework, along with octadecane as the core PCM, we have achieved composite PCMs with a loading amount of only 85.8% that exhibit a comparable phase transition enthalpy to that of pure octadecane. Furthermore, the composite PCMs exhibit minimal alterations in thermal performance even after undergoing 350 simulated hot and cold cycles. Additionally, the composites exhibit exceptional abilities in solar-thermal conversion and electrothermal conversion, with photothermal conversion efficiency surpassing 95%. Consequently, the composite PCMs developed in this study demonstrate significant potential for applications in thermal energy storage and conversion.

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High-performance electrothermal coatings based on natural flake graphite for multifunctional electrothermal applications

Cited by 5 publications

References 52 publications

Analysis of mechanical and flame‐retardant properties of flexible polyurethane foams

Analysis of mechanical and flame‐retardant properties of flexible polyurethane foams

Multifunctional and high-performance electrothermal films based on carbon black/Ag nanowires/graphene composites

Melamine Foam/CNT/Graphene Hybrid Aerogel-Based Phase Change Composites with High Latent Heat Capacity for Solar/Electrothermal Conversion

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