High-performance epoxy-based adhesives modified with functionalized graphene nanoplatelets and triblock copolymers

Jojibabu, Panta; Zhang, Y.X.; Rider, Andrew N.; Wang, John; Wuhrer, Richard; Prusty, B. Gangadhara

doi:10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2019.102521

Cited by 33 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Graphene ( Figure 4 ), with its most important derivative graphene oxide (GO), was probably the first compound of this broad family proposed to manufacture high-performance nanocomposites due to its unique shape (two-dimensional crystals with an average thickness of about 1 −10 m and diameter 0.5–5 μm) and outstanding electrical (with a conductivity of 6 × 10 5 S/m), mechanical (in terms of tensile strength and especially Young’s modulus, the latter being equal to 1.1 TPa), thermal (conductivity around 5000 W/m·K), and barrier properties [ 16 ]. Its addition can provide a reinforcing effect to the epoxy matrix and multifunctionality for the most varied engineering applications (anticorrosive coatings, structural adhesives, thermal conductors) at lower costs than the more expensive carbon nanotubes, to fabricate electric and electronic devices, and also in the field of fiber-reinforced polymers [ 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 ]. GO nanosheets, characterized by an extremely high surface area (~2630 m 2 /g), may represent a feasible alternative to functionalized/unmodified carbon nanotubes also when enhancements in mechanical, electrical, and thermal properties are mostly required for a conventional epoxy [ 24 ].…”

Section: Nanofillers For Epoxy Resinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among the others, surface functionalization treatment employing ozone can be performed under an air atmosphere to provide oxygen radicals on the surface of nanofillers; this can be achieved at reasonable costs and by employing simple equipment [ 23 ]. As an example, the functionalization of nanodiamonds through a coupled treatment with ozone and tetra-ethylene pentamine (TEPA) was found to be effective to improve the interfacial interactions with epoxy matrix, enabling achievement of enhanced mechanical and thermal properties [ 45 ].…”

Section: Production Of Nanocompositesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Recent Advances and Trends of Nanofilled/Nanostructured Epoxies

Frigione

Lettieri

2020

Materials

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This paper aims at reviewing the works published in the last five years (2016–2020) on polymer nanocomposites based on epoxy resins. The different nanofillers successfully added to epoxies to enhance some of their characteristics, in relation to the nature and the feature of each nanofiller, are illustrated. The organic–inorganic hybrid nanostructured epoxies are also introduced and their strong potential in many applications has been highlighted. The different methods and routes employed for the production of nanofilled/nanostructured epoxies are described. A discussion of the main properties and final performance, which comprise durability, of epoxy nanocomposites, depending on chemical nature, shape, and size of nanoparticles and on their distribution, is presented. It is also shown why an efficient uniform dispersion of the nanofillers in the epoxy matrix, along with strong interfacial interactions with the polymeric network, will guarantee the success of the application for which the nanocomposite is proposed. The mechanisms yielding to the improved properties in comparison to the neat polymer are illustrated. The most important applications in which these new materials can better exploit their uniqueness are finally presented, also evidencing the aspects that limit a wider diffusion.

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Section: Nanofillers For Epoxy Resinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Production Of Nanocompositesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances and Trends of Nanofilled/Nanostructured Epoxies

Frigione

Lettieri

2020

Materials

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“…42 To a large extent, the performance of epoxy polymer composites is controlled by the interfacial interaction between polymer and filler. 43,44 In previously reported work, GO was incorporated in epoxy polymer to improve the interfacial strength of epoxy nanocomposite, and the formation of additional H-bonding between GO and epoxy polymer is confirmed. 45 However, in the noncovalent interaction such as H-bonding, weak van der Waals, or π-π interactions between GO and epoxy polymer, the enhancement of the mechanical and thermal properties is limited up to a specific value.…”

mentioning

confidence: 66%

In situ cross‐linking capability of novel amine‐functionalized graphene with epoxy nanocomposites

Pathak

Sharma

Garg

et al. 2022

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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In situ chemical linkage between nanofillers and polymer is challenging, but it is an effective process for enhancing the mechanical and thermal properties of polymer nanocomposites. Herein, novel amine-functionalized graphene is designed and developed to show the in situ chemical interaction with epoxy matrix. Three different graphene materials, graphene oxide (GO), carboxylic graphene oxide (GO COOH), and ethylenediamine substituted graphene oxide (GO CONHCH 2 CH 2 NH 2 ) is synthesized chemically, and epoxy nanocomposite with different wt% is fabricated. FTIR showed the presence of hydroxyl and amide bond formation, confirmed by 13 C-NMR, where the carboxylic carbon peak of GO at 193 ppm shifted to 184 ppm for GO CONHCH 2 CH 2 NH 2 . Elemental analysis by XPS showed that C: O: N of GO changed from 70:30:0 to 79:13:8 for GO CONHCH 2 CH 2 NH 2 . Three-point bending studies revealed that maximum flexural strength and modulus for GO CONHCH 2 CH 2 NH 2 incorporated epoxy polymer composite because of intermolecular chemical bond formation between the epoxy resin and GO CONHCH 2 CH 2 NH 2 . The formation of a chemical bond between GO CONHCH 2 CH 2 NH 2 and epoxy polymer is confirmed by Raman spectroscopy and XPS analysis. The mechanism of forming an in situ chemical bond between amine-functionalized graphene and the epoxy polymer is derived based on experimental evidence.

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“…Epoxy is the most famous member of thermoset resins, and is known for its excellent tensile strength, good stiffness, high electrical performance and chemical resistance; therefore, it has been in the core of attention to develop adhesives, semiconductors, electronic circuit boards, composites, paints, and coatings 1–4 . Epoxy nanocomposites have higher thermal stability, mechanical, dielectric, and anticorrosion properties as a result of boosted interfacial adhesion compared to systems comprising micro‐scale fillers 5–8 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure–properties‐performance relationships in complex epoxy nanocomposites: A complete picture applying chemorheological and thermo‐mechanical kinetic analyses

Jouyandeh

Jazani

Navarchian

et al. 2021

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Herein the kinetics of network formation (cross‐linking) and network degradation (thermal decomposition) in a complex system based on epoxy resin reinforced with hyperbranched amino polymer‐functionalized nanoparticles (HAPF) were discussed. Five classes of nanoparticles, that is, nano‐SiO2, halloysite nanotubes (HNTs), HNTs@nano‐SiO2 core/shell, HAPF/nano‐SiO2, HAPF/HNTs@nano‐SiO2 core/shell were loaded at 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 (optimal loading among prepared samples), and 5 wt% were examined. Parameters of the cure kinetics and degradation were correlated, and the mechanical properties were interpreted in terms of microstructure and rheological analyses. The isothermal chemorheological cure kinetics study (60, 70, and 80°C) revealed a low activation energy for epoxy/HAPF/HNTs@nano‐SiO2 core/shell nanocomposite (72.21 kJ/mol), compared with the blank epoxy (79.99 kJ/mol). Correspondingly, gel time of the system decreased from 1040 to 515 to 237 s upon isotherms of 60, 70, and 80°C, respectively. Tensile strength was also increased vividly (ca. 32%), possibly due to the strong interfacial adhesion, which reflected in an induced shear yielding. Nitrogen‐mediated thermal decomposition kinetics suggested an average degradation activation energies of ca. 150 and 210 kJ/mol for the assigned nanocomposites and the blank epoxy, respectively. Overall, there was a complete agreement between the kinetics of network formation and network degradation in the studied epoxy nanocomposite. This work enables understanding of structure‐properties‐performance in complex epoxy nanocomposites.

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High-performance epoxy-based adhesives modified with functionalized graphene nanoplatelets and triblock copolymers

Cited by 33 publications

References 56 publications

Recent Advances and Trends of Nanofilled/Nanostructured Epoxies

Recent Advances and Trends of Nanofilled/Nanostructured Epoxies

In situ cross‐linking capability of novel amine‐functionalized graphene with epoxy nanocomposites

Structure–properties‐performance relationships in complex epoxy nanocomposites: A complete picture applying chemorheological and thermo‐mechanical kinetic analyses

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