High‐performance HTL‐free perovskite solar cell: An efficient composition of ZnO NRs, RGO, and CuInS₂ QDs, as electron‐transporting layer matrix

Abstract

A hole‐transporting layer (HTL)‐free perovskite solar cell (PSC) with fluorine‐doped tin oxide (FTO)/nanocomposite electron‐transporting layer (ETL)/perovskite/Au structure is presented that takes advantage of a novel ternary nanocomposite constructed of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanorods, reduced graphene oxide (RGO), and copper indium sulfide quantum dots (CuInS2 QDs), as ETL. Concisely, the photoelectric and photovoltaic properties of all the individual, binary, and ternary composites were monitored by using of the photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy, UV‐visible (vis) spectroscopy, J‐V curves, and incident photon‐to‐current conversion efficiency (IPCE) spectra studies. The comparative values exhibited a noticeable benefit for the ZnO‐RGO5%‐CuInS220% ternary nanocomposite as an appropriate ETL for PCS. Also, the comparative structural studies on the individual nanoscale components, binary, and ternary nanocomposite (with different percentages of CuInS2 QDs) were precisely performed by Fourier transform infrared (FT‐IR), energy‐dispersive X‐ray (EDX), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), as well. Overall, after careful optimization of the ETL, a15.74% efficiency was resulted through applying the prepared ZnO‐RGO5%‐CuInS220% composite in a HTL‐free PCS with 0.33 cm2 active area.

Metal oxide electron transport materials for perovskite solar cells: a review

“…The perovskite solar cells are a promising category of the new generation of solar cells that show fastest improvement in the latest years (Shalan et al 2017a(Shalan et al , b, 2019aShalan et al 2015;Shalan et al 2017a, b;Taheri-Ledari et al 2020).…”

A Perspective on the Commercial Viability of Perovskite Solar Cells

“…[ 140–142 ] However, the large offset between the valence band of halide perovskites and the working potential of the metal electrode significantly reduces the hole extraction efficiency, detrimental to the PV performance. [ 143,144 ] The offset can be overcome either via depositing a double‐layer transparent conducting oxide (TCO) for enhanced charge separation [ 145–147 ] or by doping the halide perovskite to realign the energy band. [ 108,144,148 ] The current highest‐recorded PCE for HTL‐free PSCs (PCE: ≈20%) was achieved by energy band realignment through p‐type doping of the perovskite.…”

Alloy-Electrode-Assisted High-Performance Enhancement-Type Neodymium-Doped Indium-Zinc-Oxide Thin-Film Transistors on Polyimide Flexible Substrate

“…Metal oxide materials have a wide range of electronical applications [ 17 – 20 ]. As an important component, amorphous metal oxide semiconductors (AOS) are developing rapidly in newly emerging application areas related to information display [ 21 – 24 ].…”