High‐performance maleimide and nitrile‐functionalized benzoxazines with good processibility for advanced composites applications

Abstract

A maleimide and 2-aminobenzonitrile (MIan) based benzoxazine has been synthesized and characterized. This benzoxazine has maleimide and nitrile functionalities that can polymerize, resulting in a highly crosslinked material. Incorporation of the imide group increases the shear viscosity compared to monofunctional benzoxazines but not as high as difunctional benzoxazines, allowing good processibility, while maintaining excellent mechanical and thermal properties. Catalysts, epoxy copolymerization, and rubber interlayer methods are utilized to optimize the composite properties. The 60% carbon cloth-reinforced resin has achieved the flexural strength over 1 GPa.

Curing reaction of bisphenol-A based benzoxazine with cyanate ester resin and the properties of the cured thermosetting resin

“…Jang and Seo studied the performance improvement of rubber-modified polybenzoxazine [26]. Recently, maleimide-modified [22][23][27][28] and furan-modified [29] azines have been synthesized, and the properties of the cured resins have been investigated. Nanocomposites using benzoxazines also recently have been reported [30][31][32][33].…”

Chemoselective reaction of formalin with 2‐(5‐substituted‐2‐hydroxybenzylamino)phenols: Synthesis of 6‐substituted 3‐(2‐hydroxyphenyl)‐3,4‐dihydro‐2H‐benzo[e][1,3]oxazines

“…The N-aryl-3,4-dihydro-1,3-benzoxazines are well known to undergo polymerization upon heating [10]. With unsubstituted phenol, formaldehyde and primary aromatic amines as the starting materials, a series of monofunctional benzoxazine resins with low viscosities have been developed at room temperature [11].…”

Synthesis and thermal properties of the thermosetting resin based on cyano functionalized benzoxazine

“…Recently, Chaisuwan and Ishida [17] synthesized two types of functional benzoxazine with nitrile functionalities to improve thermal properties. This functional polybenzoxazine has good processibility and thermal stability for applications to advanced composites.…”