High-performance piezoelectric energy harvesting of vertically aligned Pb(Zr,Ti)O₃ nanorod arrays

Abstract

Recent developments of self-powered devices and systems have attracted much attention. Lead zirconate titanate (PZT) has been regarded as one of the most promising materials for building high-performance nanogenerators. Herein, vertically aligned PZT nanorod arrays were synthesized on a pre-oxidized Ti substrate in the presence of a surfactant by a one-step hydrothermal method. The PZT nanorod arrays consist of an initial layer of a PZT film and well aligned nanorods with (001) respectively. Moreover, the average power density generated by those two mechanical stimulations were up to 3.16 and 5.92 mW cm À2 with the external load of 1 MU.

Hybrid lead-free polymer-based nanocomposites with improved piezoelectric response for biomedical energy-harvesting applications: A review

“…The changes in crystallinity were shown to increase the dielectric constant (ε′ ~109.6) and energy density (U e ~21.7 J/cm 3 ) with a breakdown strength (E b ) of 3.81×10 3 kV/cm compared to pristine PVDF (ε′ ~11. 6 and U e ~2.16 J/cm 3 at 3.98 × 10 3 kV/cm).…”

“…A piezoelectric energy harvester was fabricated based on the PZT NR arrays and exhibited an outstanding energy harvesting performance with opencircuit output voltages of 3.3 V and 8 V when subjected to a compressive 10 N force and a finger tapping motion, respectively. Moreover, the average power densities generated under these two mechanical stimuli were up to 3.16 and 5.92 µW cm -2 with an external load of 1 M [6]. Pbbased materials are still being prepared and investigated for energy-harvesting applications [7], including hybrids such as 30 vol% PMN-PT/CNT/PVDF [8].…”

A comprehensive review on piezoelectric energy harvesting technology: Materials, mechanisms, and applications

“…The noticeable piezoelectric nanostructures, such as NWs, nanofibers, and nanobelts, by utilizing inorganic materials of PZT, PMN-PT, ZnO, BaTiO 3 , and ferroelectric polymer of PVDF and its copolymer P(VDF-TrFE), have shown remarkable ability to harvest energy from small mechanical movements and gain higher energy conversion efficiency as compared to their micro-and macro-sized counterparts, which was attributed to size-effects, enhanced properties, and improved mechanical flexibility. 103,104,[189][190][191][192][193][194][195][196][197][198][199] Various methods are used for the synthesis of nanostructures, such as CVD, physical vapor deposition (PVD), molecular beam epitaxy (MBE), PLD, hydrothermal and chemical synthesis, and electrospinning.…”

Giant pressure sensitivity in piezo/ferro-electric ceramics

“…[8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17] In the past, many authors, including our group have reported lead-based materials for suitable pressure sensors in the low and high-pressure range, where a signicant change in dielectric constant, piezoelectric coefficient and capacitive reactance was observed as a function of pressure. [1][2][3][5][6][7]13,[18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26] However, the effect of pressure on change in dielectric constant was not as signicant that it can be realized for real high-pressure sensor devices. Another drawback was the linearity in dielectric constant as a function of pressure.…”