High performance proton exchange membrane fuel cells with sputter-deposited Pt layer electrodes

Hirano, Shin‐ichi; Kim, Junbom; Srinivasan, S.

doi:10.1016/s0013-4686(96)00320-9

Cited by 250 publications

(137 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Despite the ability to produce CLs as thin as 1 mm, the performance of MEA prepared using sputter-deposited CLs varies by several orders of magnitude primarily due to the variation in CL thickness and particle size (<10 nm). Sputtering thick CLs (>10 um) is disadvantageous because of the absence of ionomer inside the CL [30]. In such cases, impregnation of PTFE and carbon power into the porous substrate is crucial to enhance ionic transport.…”

Section: A Magnetron Sputteringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overview of Membrane Electrode Assembly Preparation Methods for Solid Polymer Electrolyte Electrolyzer

Bladergroen¹,

Su²,

Pasupathi³

et al. 2012

Electrolysis

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Section: A Magnetron Sputteringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overview of Membrane Electrode Assembly Preparation Methods for Solid Polymer Electrolyte Electrolyzer

Bladergroen¹,

Su²,

Pasupathi³

et al. 2012

Electrolysis

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“…Low Pt loading electrodes can be produced leading to achieve convenient fuel cell performance. Plasma sputtering has thus the advantage of controlling the depth profile and reducing the amount of catalyst by localizing the catalytic material as close as possible to the electrolyte membrane [67][68][69][70][71][72][73][74][75][76]. Platinum can be sputtered in many manners depending on the plasma sources.…”

Section: Ii2 New Preparation Methods Of Efficient Electrode Catalystsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Coupled Plasma (ICP) sputtering are the main ways to handle deposition of the required Pt nanoclusters [68][69][70][71][72][73][74][75], allowing preparing different kinds of platinum-based thin films. The control of the deposition parameters (target composition, chamber pressure, bias voltage applied between the targets and the substrate, energy of the plasma, distance between target and substrate, etc.)…”

Section: Ii2 New Preparation Methods Of Efficient Electrode Catalystsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do not forget the electrochemical characteristics of the membrane electrode assembly when designing a Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell stack

Lamy

Jones

Coutanceau

et al. 2011

Electrochimica Acta

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International audienceThe membrane electrode assembly (MEA) is the key component of a PEMFC stack. Conventional MEAs are composed of catalyzed electrodes loaded with 0.1-0.4 mgPt cm−2 pressed against a Nafion® membrane, leading to cell performance close to 0.8 W cm−2 at 0.6 V. Due to their limited stability at high temperatures, the cost of platinum catalysts and that of proton exchange membranes, the recycling problems and material availability, the MEA components do not match the requirements for large scale development of PEMCFs at a low cost, particularly for automotive applications. Novel approaches to medium and high temperature membranes are described in this work, and a composite polybenzimidazole-poly(vinylphosphonic) acid membrane, stable up to 190 ◦C, led to a power density of 0.5 W cm−2 at 160 ◦C under 3 bar abs with hydrogen and air. Concerning the preparation of efficient electrocatalysts supported on a Vulcan XC72 carbon powder, the Bönnemann colloidal method and above all plasma sputtering allowed preparing bimetallic platinum-based electrocatalysts with a low Pt loading. In the case of plasma deposition of Pt nanoclusters, Pt loadings as low as 10 g cm−2 were achieved, leading to a very high mass power density of ca. 20 kW g−1 Pt . Finally characterization of the MEA electrical properties by Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) based on a theoretical model of mass and charge transport inside the active and gas diffusion layers, together with the optimization of the operating parameters (cell temperature, humidity, flow rate and pressure) allowed obtaining electrical performance greater than 1.2 W cm−2 using an homemade MEA with a rather low Pt loading

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“…It allows deposition of thin compact films upon a selected substrate material and ensures simplicity of the catalysts preparation as well as improved stability, durability, and utilisation. [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] The sputter conditions are easily controlled in obtaining homogeneous, well dispersed and reproducible thin films of various single and composite materials with a very low loading. Using this method an essential decrease in the fuel cell cathode Pt loadings without reduction in performance has been already achieved.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…7,[11][12][13][14] It has been demonstrated that the sputter method insures very efficient usage and high mass activity of the platinum. [15][16][17] The technique was also applied for deposition of thin iridium oxide electyrocatalytic films as anode material for PEM water electrolysis and a 10 fold decrease of the catalyst loading has been reported compared to conventional iridium anodes. 18 On the other hand, how the sputter parameters effect the catalysts condition is still an enigma.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Sputtering Power on the Electrochemical Properties of Low Loaded Pt Catalysts for PEM Fuel Cell

Özdemir

2015

Electrochemistry

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A series of thin Pt films were deposited by dc magnetron sputtering with different power directly on a commercial hydrophobic carbon paper substrate at room temperature. Their electrochemical properties toward the oxygen reduction reaction were investigated in 0.5 M H 2 SO 4 solution by means of cyclic voltametry (CV) and linear sweep voltametry (LSV) on rotating disc electrode (RDE). It was found that the increase of power leads to rise in the electrochemical active surface area (EASA) slightly up to 25 W, but further increase in power decreases surface area significantly. Electrochemical surface area is reaching a maximum of 29.68 m 2 g Pt −1 for 25 W. Rotating disk electrode experiments, also, show that increase of power yield more active catalyst toward to oxygen reduction reaction. As a result, 25 W coating power is the optimum for the preparation of the smallest and the most active Pt particle in catalytic film.

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High performance proton exchange membrane fuel cells with sputter-deposited Pt layer electrodes

Cited by 250 publications

References 8 publications

Overview of Membrane Electrode Assembly Preparation Methods for Solid Polymer Electrolyte Electrolyzer

Overview of Membrane Electrode Assembly Preparation Methods for Solid Polymer Electrolyte Electrolyzer

Do not forget the electrochemical characteristics of the membrane electrode assembly when designing a Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell stack

Effect of Sputtering Power on the Electrochemical Properties of Low Loaded Pt Catalysts for PEM Fuel Cell

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