High Performance, Stoichiometric ZnSnP₂ Anode for Rechargeable Lithium‐Ion Battery with Concomitant Conversion from Chalcopyrite to Sphalerite Phase

Abstract

Herein, we report chalcopyrite phase of zinc tin phosphide (ZnSnP 2 ) as an anode for high rate, rechargeable, lithium-ion battery. In-situ Raman spectroscopy reveals the conversion of chalcopyrite phase of ZnSnP 2 to a symmetric sphalerite phase upon cycling, which helps in achieving stable and reversible capacity at high discharge rates. This is due to the low bandgap and high conductivity of the sphalerite phase. The in-situ phase conversion is extremely important as it is difficult to synthesize bulk ZnSnP 2 sphalerite phase by the known methods till date. After full phase conversion, a reversible capacity of 750 mAh g À 1 is obtained towards the end of 1700 cycles at a rate of 5 A g À 1 . Full cell assembled using LiCoO 2 as the cathode material yields a stable performance with a discharge capacity of around 500 mAh g À 1 at 0.5 A g À 1 and the rate capability studies demonstrate reversible capacities up to 15 A g À 1 current.

Gallic Acid Resin as an Efficient Lithium Storage Anode Material for 3.6 V Li-Ion Batteries

“…LIBs, being lightweight and compact, have certain advantages such as high energy density and low self-discharge rate , over its analogues. Despite being successful, the high cost and nonrenewability of current electrode materials compel the researchers to look for alternative low-cost electrode materials for various applications. – Organic materials, being abundant and cheap, have gained significant attention because of various advantages such as cost-effective synthetic routes, structural flexibility, and recyclability . Still, there are serious challenges pertaining to the synthesis of organic electrode materials, such as the use of expensive reagents, application of relatively high temperatures, and involvement of complex reactions with expensive catalysts.…”