“…The equivalent series resistance (Rs) corresponds to the intercept on the X-axis including intrinsic resistance of ionic resistance of electrolyte, electrode materials, as well as contact resistance between electrode and current collector. The Rs of hybrid composites, rGO and pure PANI is 0.4, 0.45, and 0.33 Ω, respectively, and the interfacial charge transfer resistance (Rct), relates to Faradic reactions and EDLC (Cdl) at the electrode/electrolyte interface, which illustrates the conductivity of the active material [32] and ion behavior of electrolyte ions [33], can be calculated with the value of 1.9, 2.8, and 7.2 Ω, suggesting that as for composites the rGO nanosheets improve the property of ion diffusion and reduce the charge transfer resistance to some extent. The Warburg resistance (Zw) is caused by the frequency dependence of ion diffusion/transport in the electrolyte and the CPE is the constant phase angle element relates to the Zw.Fig.…”
Flexible supercapacitors(SCs) made by reduced graphene oxide (rGO)-based aerogel usually suffer from the low energy density, short cycle life and bad flexibility. In this study, a new, synthetic strategy was developed for enhancing the electrochemical performances of rGO aerogel-based supercapacitor via electrodeposition polyaniline arrays on the prepared ultralight rGO aerogel. The novel hybrid composites with coated polyaniline (PANI) arrays growing on the rGO surface can take full advantage of the rich open-pore and excellent conductivity of the crosslinking framework structure of 3D rGO aerogel and high capacitance contribution from the PANI. The obtained hybrid composites exhibit excellent electrochemical performance with a specific capacitance of 432 F g-1 at the current density of 1 A g-1, robust cycling stability to maintain 85% after 10,000 charge/discharge cycles and high energy density of 25 W h kg-1. Furthermore, the flexible all-solid-state supercapacitor have superior flexibility and outstanding stability under different bending states from the straight state to the 90° status. The high-performance flexible all-solid-state SCs together with the lighting tests demonstrate it possible for applications in portable electronics.
“…The equivalent series resistance (Rs) corresponds to the intercept on the X-axis including intrinsic resistance of ionic resistance of electrolyte, electrode materials, as well as contact resistance between electrode and current collector. The Rs of hybrid composites, rGO and pure PANI is 0.4, 0.45, and 0.33 Ω, respectively, and the interfacial charge transfer resistance (Rct), relates to Faradic reactions and EDLC (Cdl) at the electrode/electrolyte interface, which illustrates the conductivity of the active material [32] and ion behavior of electrolyte ions [33], can be calculated with the value of 1.9, 2.8, and 7.2 Ω, suggesting that as for composites the rGO nanosheets improve the property of ion diffusion and reduce the charge transfer resistance to some extent. The Warburg resistance (Zw) is caused by the frequency dependence of ion diffusion/transport in the electrolyte and the CPE is the constant phase angle element relates to the Zw.Fig.…”
Flexible supercapacitors(SCs) made by reduced graphene oxide (rGO)-based aerogel usually suffer from the low energy density, short cycle life and bad flexibility. In this study, a new, synthetic strategy was developed for enhancing the electrochemical performances of rGO aerogel-based supercapacitor via electrodeposition polyaniline arrays on the prepared ultralight rGO aerogel. The novel hybrid composites with coated polyaniline (PANI) arrays growing on the rGO surface can take full advantage of the rich open-pore and excellent conductivity of the crosslinking framework structure of 3D rGO aerogel and high capacitance contribution from the PANI. The obtained hybrid composites exhibit excellent electrochemical performance with a specific capacitance of 432 F g-1 at the current density of 1 A g-1, robust cycling stability to maintain 85% after 10,000 charge/discharge cycles and high energy density of 25 W h kg-1. Furthermore, the flexible all-solid-state supercapacitor have superior flexibility and outstanding stability under different bending states from the straight state to the 90° status. The high-performance flexible all-solid-state SCs together with the lighting tests demonstrate it possible for applications in portable electronics.
“…With these encouraging features, SCs has been adopted widely in many fields where high power density and long cycling stability are highly desirable [5,6]. However, compared with rechargeable batteries, the energy density of commercial SCs is still too low (usually < 10 Wh kg -1 ) to come into practical applications [7].…”
To effectively improve the power density and rate capability of layered double hydroxide (LDH) based supercapacitors, a hybrid supercapacitor (HSC) comprising of hierarchical ultrathin NiAl-LDH nanosheet arrays on carbon nanotube paper (CNP-LDH) is developed with porous graphene nanosheets as the negative electrode for the first time. SEM image shows that hierarchical NiAl LDH nanosheet arrays are assembled by numerous ultrathin nanosheets with thickness of a few to tens of nanometers. Remarkably, with an operating voltage of 1.6 V, the * Corresponding author.E-mail address: bizhui@umac.mo (Kwun Nam Hui), k.hui@uea.ac.uk (Kwan San Hui) 1 These authors contributed equally to this work. Even at a fast discharging time of 3.9 s, a high energy density (23.3 Wh kg -1 ) could also be retained at a power density of 21.5 kW kg -1 . Moreover, the HSC exhibits cycling stability with a retention rate of 78% after 5000-cycle charge-discharge test at 5 A g -1 . The results inspire us to propose our high-performance CNP-LDH as a promising electrode for energy storage applications.
“…[1][2][3][4] Carbonaceous materials are the main candidates for supercapacitor electrode materials due to their lower cost, more stable physicochemical properties and better conductivity. 1,5 Various carbonaceous materials, such as graphenes 6 , carbon nanotubes 7 , carbon aerogels 8 , activated carbons 9, 10 , ordered mesoporous carbons 11 , nanofibers 12,13 and hierarchical porous carbons [14][15][16][17] , have been investigated for supercapacitor electrode materials. Among all carbonaceous materials, activated carbons are widely used as electrode materials due to their high specific area 1,18 .…”
Supplementary InformaƟon (ESI) available: SEM and TEM images, the porous structure parameters, XRD patterns, electrochemical capacitive performances using a two-electrode and a three-electrode cell.. See Nitrogen-and oxygen-enriched hierarchical porous carbon fiber was fabricated by the phase-separable wet-spinning and the subsequent chemical activation of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) precursor. The wet-spinning could readily offer an interpenetrating 3D meso-/macro-porous network owing to the phase-separation of PAN in the coagulation bath (DMSO/ H2O), caused by the different solubility of PAN in DMSO and H2O, and the different content of PAN in fiber and the coagulation bath. The later chemical activation introduced abundant small-sized nanopores within the meso-/macroporous network skeleton. The obtained hierarchical porous carbon fiber exhibited high specific surface area of 2176.6 m 2 g -1 , large pore volume of 1.272 cm 3 g -1 , and was highly doped by heteroatoms of nitrogen and oxygen. When it was used as supercapacitor electrodes, high performance of reversible specific capacitances of 329 F g -1 at 0.1 A g -1 and 223 F g -1 at 20 A g -1 as well as the capacitance retention of 97.6% after 2000 cycles were achieved in a two-electrode cell.
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