High performance telescope system design for the TianQin project

Fan, Zichao; ZHAO, LUJIA; PENG, JIANGUO; Ji, Huiru; Zhu, Zhengbo; Wei, Shili; Mo, Yan; Chen, Hanyuan; Ma, Donglin

doi:10.1088/1361-6382/ac8b57

Cited by 13 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…An initial configuration with good performance is very important for system design, which can greatly reduce the design difficulty for engineers. For traditional offaxis reflective systems, the optimal initial configuration is retrieved by calculating a spherical coaxial system with no primary aberrations under paraxial conditions [25,26]. However, the AR-HUD optical system consists of a fixed freeform windshield, the design process of paraxial method is rather tedious and is not suitable for HUD.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Automated design of freeform imaging systems for automotive head-up display applications

Ma¹,

Fan²,

Wei³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Freeform imaging system is playing a significant role in developing an optical system for the automotive head-up display (HUD), which is a typical application of augmented reality (AR) technology. There exists a strong necessity to develop automated design algorithms for automotive HUDs due to its high complexity of multi-configuration caused by movable eyeballs as well as various drivers’ heights, correcting additional aberrations introduced by the windshield, variable structure constraints originated from automobile types, which, however, is lacking in current research community. In this paper, we propose an automated design method for the automotive AR-HUD optical systems with two freeform surfaces as well as an arbitrary type of windshield. With optical specifications of sagittal and tangential focal lengths, and required structure constraints, our given design method can generate an initial structure with high image quality automatically, and then the final system is realized by our proposed iterative optimization algorithms with superior performances due to the extraordinary starting point. Two examples of AR-HUD systems at different structures are realized automatically by our presented automated design algorithms. Both AR-HUD designs can have superior optical performance for an eye-box of 130mm×50mm and a field of view of 13°×5°, which demonstrates the feasibility and superiority of our proposed design framework.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Automated design of freeform imaging systems for automotive head-up display applications

Ma¹,

Fan²,

Wei³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…Thus far, [8][9][10][11][12][13] Zhao presented a comprehensive theoretical analysis of the influence of telescope aberration on TTL coupling noise, proposed that the coupling coefficient should be suppressed at AE25 pm∕μrad, analyzed the contribution of TTL coupling noise of the prototype of the Taiji project telescope principle, and determined whether the final optical path stability has exceeded 3 pm∕ p Hz. 14 Based on the current disclosed research related to GW telescopes, 11,[15][16][17][18] Livas and Fan designed an off-axis four-mirror telescope with a magnification of 40× and an entrance pupil diameter of 200 and 220 mm, respectively. The LISA Consortium proposed a design index of 300 mm telescope.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on the current disclosed research related to GW telescopes, 11 , 15 – 18 Livas and Fan designed an off-axis four-mirror telescope with a magnification of 40× and an entrance pupil diameter of 200 and 220 mm, respectively. The LISA Consortium proposed a design index of 300 mm telescope.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a previous work, we studied the principal prototype of the 200-mm-aperture space GW telescope 14 – 18 In the current Taiji project mission, we have developed a 400-mm-aperture telescope to detect GWs in the frequency band 10−4 to 1 Hz. In this study, according to the Taiji telescope requirements and based on the primary aberration theory, we have established a coaxial four-mirror initial structure with an aperture of 400 mm, which eliminates the central occlusion through the off-axis aperture.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Optical system design of large-aperture space gravitational wave telescope

Miao

Lin

et al. 2023

Opt. Eng.

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.In the Taiji Program, the space gravitational wave (GW) telescope is an important component of the space laser interferometer, which is used to receive and transmit laser signals, and has strict requirements in terms of light intensity signals and tilt-to-length (TTL) noise. Therefore, the telescope has a particular design; it should have a large aperture to meet the demand for light intensity signals, and the TTL coupling noise should be suppressed in the design process. Based on the primary aberration theory, the solution of the four-mirror off-axis initial structure is described. According to the interference model of flat-topped and Gaussian beams, the coupling coefficient of wavefront error and TTL noise at the exit pupil of the telescope are analytically calculated using the average phase signal. The optimization method and design flow are established, considering the special requirements of the space GW telescope. The results indicate that the diameter of the telescope entrance pupil is 400 mm, and the system magnification is 80 × . The root mean square (RMS) value of wavefront errors is better than 0.00504 λ (λ = 1064 nm) within ±8 μrad of the scientific field of view, and the coupling coefficient is not more than 1.7 pm / μrad within ±600 μrad of jitter angle. The tolerance analysis of the design results shows that the RMS value and coupling coefficient meet the requirements of space GW detection. Therefore, the proposed design is a good candidate for the Taiji Program.

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“…Afocal telescopes have been extensively studied in ongoing laser interferometer projects, such as LISA [5][6][7][8][9][10], DECIGO [11], Taiji [12,13], and TianQin [14,15]. The designs place great emphasis on addressing unusual requirements, including the scattered light, the wavefront quality, and OPL stability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pupil aberrations correction of the afocal telescope for the TianQin project

Fan

Zhu

et al. 2023

Class. Quantum Grav.

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TianQin is a planned Chinese space-based gravitational wave (GW) observatory with a frequency band of 10-4 to 1Hz. Optical telescopes are essential for the delivery of the measurement beam to support a precise distance measurement between pairs of proof masses. As the design is driven by the interferometric displacement sensitivity requirements, the stability control of optical path length (OPL) is extremely important beyond the traditional requirement of diffraction-limited imaging quality. In a telescope system, the recurring tilt-to-length (TTL) coupling noise arises from the OPL variation due to the wavefront deformation and angular misalignment. Reducing the residual chief ray aberration in the optical design helps suppress TTL coupling noise. To correct the pupil aberrations, we derive primary pupil aberrations in a series expansion form, and then refine the formulation of merit function by combining the pupil aberration theory and traditional image aberration theory. The automatic correction of pupil aberrations is carried out by using the macro programming in the commercial optical software Zemax, leading to a high performance telescope design. The design results show that on one side the pupil aberrations have been corrected, and on the other side, its optical performance meets the requirements for TianQin project. The RMS wavefront error over the science field of view (FOV) is less than λ/200 and the maximum TTL coupling noise over the entire ±300 μrad FOV is 0.0034nm/µrad. We believe that our design approach can be a good guide for the space telescope design in any other space-based GW detection project, as well as other similar optical systems.

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High performance telescope system design for the TianQin project

Cited by 13 publications

References 31 publications

Automated design of freeform imaging systems for automotive head-up display applications

Automated design of freeform imaging systems for automotive head-up display applications

Optical system design of large-aperture space gravitational wave telescope

Pupil aberrations correction of the afocal telescope for the TianQin project

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