High-performance thermal interface technology overview

Linderman, R.; Brunschwiler, Thomas; Smith, Brian A.; Michel, Bruno

doi:10.1109/therminic.2007.4451762

Cited by 21 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…1 These thermal issues have spawned a global effort towards the development of novel TIMs with complex formulation and very high performance. [2][3][4] To work effectively in the emerging thermal environment, TIMs must conform to the mating surfaces under reasonable assembly pressures, have a thin bond line, and have low contact resistance with adequate bulk thermal conductivity. As TIM technology evolves, this combination of factors makes accurate quantification of the thermal characteristics of new generation materials difficult, as some of the most important quantities that need to be measured are dropping to levels below the uncertainty floor of conventional measurement methodologies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A high-precision apparatus for the characterization of thermal interface materials

Kempers

Kolodner²,

Lyons³

et al. 2009

Review of Scientific Instruments

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An apparatus has been designed and constructed to characterize thermal interface materials with unprecedented precision and sensitivity. The design of the apparatus is based upon a popular implementation of ASTM D5470 where well-characterized meter bars are used to extrapolate surface temperatures and measure heat flux through the sample under test. Measurements of thermal resistance, effective thermal conductivity, and electrical resistance can be made simultaneously as functions of pressure or sample thickness. This apparatus is unique in that it takes advantage of small, well-calibrated thermistors for precise temperature measurements ͑Ϯ0.001 K͒ and incorporates simultaneous measurement of electrical resistance of the sample. By employing precision thermometry, low heater powers and minimal temperature gradients are maintained through the meter bars, thereby reducing uncertainties due to heat leakage and changes in meter-bar thermal conductivity. Careful implementation of instrumentation to measure thickness and force also contributes to a low overall uncertainty. Finally, a robust error analysis provides uncertainties for all measured and calculated quantities. Baseline tests were performed to demonstrate the sensitivity and precision of the apparatus by measuring the contact resistance of the meter bars in contact with each other as representative low specific thermal resistance cases. A minimum specific thermal resistance of 4.68ϫ 10 −6 m 2 K / W was measured with an uncertainty of 2.7% using a heat transfer rate of 16.8 W. Additionally, example measurements performed on a commercially available graphite thermal interface material demonstrate the relationship between thermal and electrical contact resistance. These measurements further demonstrate repeatability in measured effective thermal conductivity of approximately 1%.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A high-precision apparatus for the characterization of thermal interface materials

Kempers

Kolodner²,

Lyons³

et al. 2009

Review of Scientific Instruments

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…With the implementation of high-performance liquid and phase-change cooling strategies, this percentage becomes even greater. If the thennal management of an electronic device is inadequate, unacceptable temperature levels may be reached which can adversely affect device performance, reliability, and lifespan [7]. These thermal issues have spawned a global effort towards the development of exotic TIMs with complex formulations [1][2][3][6][7][8][9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling and Experimental Characterization of Metal Microtextured Thermal Interface Materials

Kempers

Lyons

Robinson

2013

Journal of Heat Transfer

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A metal mierotextured thermal interface material (MMT-TIM) has been proposed to address some of the shortcomings of conventional TIMs. These materials consist of arrays of small-scale metal features that plastically deform when compressed hetu'een mating surfaces, conforming to the surface asperities of the contacting bodies and resulting in a low-thermal resistance assembly. The present work details the development of an accurate thermal model to predict the thermal resistance and effective thermal conductivity of the assembly (including contact and bulk thermal properties) as the MMT-TlMs undergo large plastic deformations. The main challenge of characterizing the thermal contact resistance of these structures was addressed by employing a numerical model to characterize the bulk thermal resistance and estimate the contribution of thermal contact resistance. Furthermore, a correlation that relates electrical and thermal contact resistance for these MMT-TIMs was developed that adequately predicted MMT-TIM properties for several different geometries. A comparison to a commercially available graphite TIM is made as well as suggestions for optimizing future MMT-TIM designs.

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“…Extensive other researches have been reported about the test method of the thermal conductivity and thermal resistance of materials [3][4][5][6][7][8][9] . These testing methods can be used to measure and evaluate the thermal properties of PCM fabrics in static state.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement system and precision analysis for thermal regulating properties evaluation of textile materials

Yao

Yan

2013

Eighth International Symposium on Precision Engineering Measurement and Instrumentation

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A new test method and a measurement system FTRT (Fabric Thermal Regulating Tester) has been developed to evaluate the thermal regulating properties of textile materials such as fabrics treated with PCM (Phase Change Material) microcapsules. The measurement system and the test method can measure the temperature, heatflux and displacement signals that can give an overall evaluation for the fabric thermal regulating properties. Derived from the test data, a series of indices are defined to characterize the thermal regulating properties. The test and evaluation method, the experimental setup and the gage capability analysis of the measurement system are reported. The analysis of the variance for intralaboratory test was performed to determine the precision of the test method and the measurement system. The measurement system FTRT provides a method for objective measurement and evaluation of thermal regulating properties of textile materials.

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High-performance thermal interface technology overview

Cited by 21 publications

References 21 publications

A high-precision apparatus for the characterization of thermal interface materials

A high-precision apparatus for the characterization of thermal interface materials

Modeling and Experimental Characterization of Metal Microtextured Thermal Interface Materials

Measurement system and precision analysis for thermal regulating properties evaluation of textile materials

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