2003
DOI: 10.3354/meps259017
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High polar spatial competition: extreme hierarchies at extreme latitude

Abstract: On polar shores, as at lower latitude, intense battles for space ensue on boulders but the high wind, wave and ice disturbance make the colonisation race a short one in time. Here we test multiple hypotheses on the nature of competition at a high polar latitude (77°N, Arctic Spitsbergen): that interference competitive encounters would principally be (1) between colonial animals and (2) intraspecific in nature involving very few species; (3) intraspecific interactions would mostly result in ties and (4) intersp… Show more

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Cited by 43 publications
(52 citation statements)
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“…Ultimately, even in the short term, the disappearance of coastal ice should drastically reduce disturbance to communities such as those we have studied here. The boulder fields of shallow Arctic seas can have abundant encrusting faunas, but because of current disturbance regimes, they are mainly composed of pioneer species (Kuklinski 2001, Barnes & Kuklinski 2003. We consider our results to link competition, disturbance, climate change (in the context of changing ice levels in the water) and the importance of consideration of spatial scale.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…Ultimately, even in the short term, the disappearance of coastal ice should drastically reduce disturbance to communities such as those we have studied here. The boulder fields of shallow Arctic seas can have abundant encrusting faunas, but because of current disturbance regimes, they are mainly composed of pioneer species (Kuklinski 2001, Barnes & Kuklinski 2003. We consider our results to link competition, disturbance, climate change (in the context of changing ice levels in the water) and the importance of consideration of spatial scale.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…These repeated reversals in outcome between species-pairs and similarity of rank between most competitors even occur when all study competitors have the same higher taxon membership (Buss & Jackson 1979, Chornesky 1989, Tanner 1997. Encrusting assemblages at a given high-latitude site are regulated by strict hierarchies (Barnes 2002a, Barnes & Kuklinski 2003. If highly disturbed or undisturbed, these hierarchies would probably be characterised by very low levels of species richness compared with assemblages organised in networks (Karlson & Jackson 1981).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…Extreme events and disturbance can occasionally be severe at any shallow locality, but there are geographic patterns in disturbance, and this may shape organism assemblages (Barnes and Kuklinski 2003). The intensity of disturbance typically increases towards the poles due to summer ice scour (the grounding of icebergs, scraping the sea bed), intense wind-driven wave action coupled with freezing temperatures and the occurrence of ice feet (walls or belts of ice frozen to the shore) during winter (see Gutt et al 1996;Barnes 1999;Barnes and Conlan 2007).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%