High porosity scintillating polymer resins for ionizing radiation sensor applications

Bliznyuk, Valery N.; Duval, Christine E.; Apul, Onur G.; Seliman, Ayman F.; Husson, Scott M.; DeVol, Timothy A.

doi:10.1016/j.polymer.2014.10.076

Cited by 20 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…In an attempt to further reduce CV values, membrane A was selected at a stir speed of 430 rpm to test combinations of surfactants and salts in the continuous phase. Surfactants including PVA, Tween 20, and SDS were selected for testing based on their common use in the literature . Three salts (sodium sulfate, sodium chloride, and sodium nitrite) were selected based on their varying anion position in the Hofmeister Series .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When the monomer droplets formed in the NaNO 2 /SDS + PVA continuous phase were polymerized, the droplets coalesced in the reactor. Salt concentration was increased from 1 to 8.33 mg/mL (the concentration used by Bliznyuk et al …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Suspension polymerization is used commonly to synthesize polymer resins, including extractive scintillating resins, due to its ease in particle separation, temperature control, and minimization of impurities and additives in the final product . Traditional oil‐in‐water suspension polymerization reactions are carried out using stirred cells, in which an organic phase containing monomer(s) (discontinuous phase) is stirred in an aqueous solution (continuous phase).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Creating monodisperse polymer microspheres using membrane emulsification

Thies

Duval

DeVol

et al. 2016

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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This study used membrane emulsification (ME) as a pre‐treatment step to suspension polymerization to produce polystyrene microspheres with diameters from 200 to 300 µm and coefficient of variation (CV) as low 20%. Limited scientific information is available on utilizing suspension polymerization to prepare monodisperse polystyrene microspheres with diameters greater than 100 µm. Microspheres were produced by pumping monomer solution through uniform pores of nickel membranes to form dispersed phase droplets that were transferred to a reactor for suspension polymerization. Systematic studies were done to understand the roles of continuous phase composition, ME unit process parameters, and polymerization reactor stir speed on microsphere size and CV. For a specific microsphere size, there were particular stir speeds in each unit that minimized CV. The methodology developed in this study is being used to prepare monodisperse polymer resin beads to improve detection efficiency and accuracy in flow‐cell sensors for quantifying waterborne radioactivity. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017, 134, 44593.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Creating monodisperse polymer microspheres using membrane emulsification

Thies

Duval

DeVol

et al. 2016

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…The base expanded gel poly[(4-methyl styrene)-co-(divinylbenzene)-co-(2-(1-naphthyl)-4-vinyl-5-phenyloxazole)] resin used for this study was synthesized according to a previously reported method [9]. Phosphonic acid functionality was added to this base resin by first attaching a phosphonate moiety through an Arbuzov type reaction with triethylphosphite (Aldrich, product T61204) [10].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of resin radius and column diameter for the implementation of extractive scintillating resin in flow-cell detectors

Duval

DeVol

Husson

2015

J Radioanal Nucl Chem

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This contribution details the application of extractive scintillating resin with covalently bound fluorophore, v-NPO, and ligand, methyl phosphonic acid, in flow-cell experiments utilizing varying column diameters, resin diameters and diffusion times. The detection efficiency was evaluated by standard offline liquid scintillation counting methods. Diffusion experiments were conducted to determine the effect of the location of the alpha decay on detection efficiency, and the data were compared to a diffusion model to assess the feasibility of relying on diffusion-enhanced detection efficiency in an online measurement.

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“…15 After polymerization, the chlorobenzyl groups from CMS were aminated by reaction with MDOA, which showed high selectivity for pertechnetate anion ( 99 TcO 4 À ) as a beta emitter radionuclide. 100-400 mm diameter spherical beads via suspension polymerization technique.…”

Section: Resin Preparation Functionalization and Stabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of polymerizable 2-(1-naphthyl)-5-phenyloxazole scintillators for ionizing radiation detection

et al. 2015

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The synthesis, chemical characterization and optical properties of 2-(1-naphthyl)-4-vinyl-5phenyloxazole (vNPO) and 2-(1-naphthyl)-4-allyl-5-phenyloxazole (allylNPO) monomers are reported.Starting with the organic fluor 2-(1-naphthyl)-5-phenyloxazole (aNPO), the vNPO and allylNPO monomers were synthesized using Stille coupling followed by purification. The final products were obtained with yields of B95% and B55% for vNPO and allylNPO. The absorption/emission spectra of aNPO, vNPO and allylNPO revealed that vNPO has the largest red-shifted in emission with an average wavelength of B420 nm, which is an advantage for increasing photomultiplier tube sensitivity without the need to add a wavelength shifter. Stable scintillating resin beads were prepared through copolymerization of the newly synthesized fluor monomers with styrene or 4-methylstyrene and divinylbenzene in the presence of toluene porogen. The resin beads were chemically stable and retained the ability to scintillate efficiently after energy deposition of beta particles from 99 Tc. This result indicates efficient energy transfer occurs from the base polymer to the covalently attached fluors with subsequent fluorescence in the presence of ionizing radiation. † Electronic supplementary information (ESI) available: Listing of chemical analysis, scintillation measurement setup, 13 C spectra, GCMS chromatograms, optical image for the plastic beads and absorption/emission spectra. See Scheme 1 Synthesis of monomer 2-(1-naphthyl)-4-vinyl-5-phenyloxazole (vNPO) and 2-(1-naphthyl)-4-allyl-5-phenyloxazole (allylNPO).

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High porosity scintillating polymer resins for ionizing radiation sensor applications

Cited by 20 publications

References 23 publications

Creating monodisperse polymer microspheres using membrane emulsification

Creating monodisperse polymer microspheres using membrane emulsification

Evaluation of resin radius and column diameter for the implementation of extractive scintillating resin in flow-cell detectors

Development of polymerizable 2-(1-naphthyl)-5-phenyloxazole scintillators for ionizing radiation detection

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