High power enzymatic biofuel cell based on naphthoquinone-mediated oxidation of glucose by glucose oxidase in a carbon nanotube 3D matrix

Abstract

We report the design of a novel glucose/O2 biofuel cell (GBFC) integrating carbon nanotube-based 3D bioelectrodes and using naphthoquinone-mediated oxidation of glucose by glucose oxidase and direct oxygen reduction by laccase. The GBFCs exhibit high open circuit voltages of 0.76 V, high current densities of 4.47 mA cm(-2), and maximum power output of 1.54 mW cm(-2), 1.92 mW mL(-1) and 2.67 mW g(-1). The GBFC is able to constantly deliver 0.56 mW h cm(-2) under discharge at 0.5 V, showing among the best in vitro performances for a GBFC. Using a charge pump, the GBFC finally powered a Light Emitting Diode (LED), demonstrating its ability to amplify micro watts to power mW-demanding electronic devices.

Cholesterol as a Promising Alternative Energy Source: Bioelectrocatalytic Oxidation Using NAD-Dependent Cholesterol Dehydrogenase in Human Serum

“…Most of these substrates, such as sugars and linear alcohols (glucose, maltose, lactose, ethanol, methanol and fructose), are considered as alternative fuels with high energy densities. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8] During recent decades, an exhaustive list of EFCs can be found in the literature aiming to exploit these alternative sources or to develop self-powered electrochemical biosensors working in vitro or in vivo. 6 In EFCs, the fuels undergo bioelectrocatalytic oxidation at the anode operating commonly with flavin adenine dinucleotide-dependent (FAD) oxidases and dehydrogenases as well as nicotinamide adenine dinucleotidedependent (NAD) dehydrogenases.…”

Layer-by-Layer Assembly of Carbon Nanotubes Modified with Invertase/Glucose Dehydrogenase Cascade for Sucrose/O2Biofuel Cell

“…[26][27][28] Since the current challenges for biofuel cell development lie in deeper oxidation and improved energy density, 29 recent reports have been mainly focused on disaccharides or polysaccharide based biofuel cells. 30,31 Hickey et al 32 reported an enzyme cascade system employing invertase, fructose dehydrogenase and glucose oxidase immobilized in ferrocene-modified linear poly(ethyleneimine) (Fc-C 6 -LPEI) hydrogel, which was then drop casted onto carbon electrode for catalyzing sucrose oxidation in a biofuel cell.…”

Enzymatic Glucose Biofuel Cell and its Application

“…Currently, high performance glucose biofuel cells mostly employ Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs) as the electrode materials due to their high surface area mediated electron transfer. The development of these nanostructured electrode materials have been show to greatly improve the electroactive area for enzyme immobilization [18,65,66]. Several reports also demonstrated the transition from in vitro to in vivo characterization of enzymatic glucose biofuel cells [13,15,24,25,67,68].…”