High-Power Intrastep Quantum Well Electroabsorption Modulator Using Single-Sided Large Optical Cavity Waveguide

Chen, J.X.; Wu, Yangzhe; Chen, W.X.; Shubin, Ivan; Clawson, A. R.; Chang, William S. C.; Yu, Paul K. L.

doi:10.1109/lpt.2003.821260

Cited by 29 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…A lot of papers concerning the linearity of L-EAMs have been published. Performed linearization methods are as follow: by using the wavelength dependence of the quantum-confined Stark-effect (QCSE) (Loi et al 1999), by applying the predistortion (Wilson et al 1995) and the feed-forward compensation (Iwai et al 1995) method, and by adopting the material structure of the intrastep-barrier quantum-well (Chen et al 2004). Linearity characteristics of TW-EAMs have recently been reported by Liu et al (2003Liu et al ( , 2004.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analog Performance of Multiple-quantum-well Electroabsorption Modulator

et al. 2005

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Linearity is an important property of optical devices in analog communication systems. In this paper, we study the 3rd-order intermodulation distortion (IMD3) of an InP/InGaAsP multiple-quantum-well (MQW) traveling-wave type electroabsorption modulator (TW-EAM). We observe that dips in the measured IMD3 results are different from those by general transfer curve of electroabsorption modulators (EAMs). In order to verify it, we analyse the phenomena by using the absorption coefficients according to a wavelength and a bias voltage. Thus, we can see that the dips result from the quantumconfined Stark effect (QCSE). We propose the method to enhance linearity of MQW-EAMs by using this effect in addition to the E/O response.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analog Performance of Multiple-quantum-well Electroabsorption Modulator

et al. 2005

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“…As the optical power driving the analogue fibre link has been increased to achieve higher radio-frequency (RF) gain, the operation of the EAM under high optical power has been studied and designs that enable the high-optical-power operation have been suggested. By combining the diluted waveguide that absorbs much reduced optical power per unit length and the modified quantum-well design [6][7][8], an EAM has been demonstrated to handle a very high optical power up to 25 dBm ( 320 mW) [9].Under this very high optical power, however, the analogue fibre link that utilises an EAM has been shown to have saturation in RF gain owing to the photocurrent resistance inherent in the EAM device [9][10][11][12]. The photocurrent resistance R ph is given by (dI ph /dV ) 21 , where I ph is the photocurrent generated in the EAM and V is the reverse bias voltage supplied to the device.…”

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Gain–bandwidth relation of electroabsorption-modulated analogue fibre link: effect of photocurrent resistance

Shin

2012

Electron. Lett.

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The radio-frequency (RF) gain and the bandwidth of the analogue fibre link modulated by an electroabsorption modulator (EAM) are examined at high optical powers. With the inclusion of the photocurrent resistance, which is essential in understanding the EAM link under high optical power, the gain-bandwidth product of the fibre link is shown to be compressed, but less severely than the RF gain owing to the enhancement in bandwidth. It is also pointed out that the link with resonantly enhanced RF gain by negative photocurrent resistance can overcome this gain -bandwidth compression under high optical power owing to more rapid increase in gain than the reduction in bandwidth.Introduction: Analogue fibre links have important application areas ranging from antenna remoting and phased-array radars to cable televisions and radio-over-fibre systems owing to their many advantages including high dynamic range and wide bandwidth [1,2]. The analogue links that utilise electroabsorption modulators (EAMs) have been studied extensively to take advantage of the EAM, such as small size, small driving voltage, versatility both as a modulator and a detector, and simple lumped electrodes for relatively high bandwidth (up to 10 GHz) [3][4][5]. As the optical power driving the analogue fibre link has been increased to achieve higher radio-frequency (RF) gain, the operation of the EAM under high optical power has been studied and designs that enable the high-optical-power operation have been suggested. By combining the diluted waveguide that absorbs much reduced optical power per unit length and the modified quantum-well design [6][7][8], an EAM has been demonstrated to handle a very high optical power up to 25 dBm ( 320 mW) [9].Under this very high optical power, however, the analogue fibre link that utilises an EAM has been shown to have saturation in RF gain owing to the photocurrent resistance inherent in the EAM device [9][10][11][12]. The photocurrent resistance R ph is given by (dI ph /dV ) 21 , where I ph is the photocurrent generated in the EAM and V is the reverse bias voltage supplied to the device. As the photocurrent resistance reduces with optical power, the signal voltage drop at the active junction decreases and the saturation in RF gain occurs. In [9], for example, it is shown experimentally that the compression factor in the RF gain reaches up to 23 dB at an optical power of 25 dBm.In this Letter we examine how the bandwidth is affected by the photocurrent resistance, which is an aspect rarely looked at in the analogue fibre link utilising the EAM. As a figure of merit that includes both the RF gain and the bandwidth, the gain -bandwidth product (GBW) of the analogue fibre link is examined under very high optical power. The concept of negative photocurrent resistance has been proposed recently to break the limit posed by the saturation due to the photocurrent [11]. The negative photocurrent resistance is caused by blue shift in electroabsorption, which can be induced by, for example, a step barrier inside the conventio...

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“…The large optical waveguide mode has been used previously by other researchers primarily to achieve a better coupling to the single-mode optical fiber mode [4], [5], or to achieve better phase matching of microwave and optical phase velocities [6], or to reduce the photocurrent per unit length in detectors [7]. Only in the PCW design, it has been used primarily to reduce the photogenerated carrier per unit incident optical power and to decouple the microwave and optical waveguide designs.…”

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“…Prior to this work, we have demonstrated, using a combination of intrastep barrier quantum well (IQW) coupled with a single-side large optical waveguide, a high power operation of the EAM [5]. The confinement factor of the EA layer is still high (27%), leading to higher propagation loss and, thus, limits the waveguide length.…”

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Peripheral-Coupled-Waveguide MQW Electroabsorption Modulator for Near Transparency and High Spurious Free Dynamic Range RF Fiber-Optic Link

Zhuang

Chang

2004

IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett.

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Abstract-Peripheral coupled waveguide (PCW) design has been deployed in InGaAsP multiple quantum-well (MQW) electroabsorption modulator (EAM) at 1.55-m wavelength. PCW enhances the optical saturation power and reduces the optical insertion loss and the equivalent V simultaneously. A radio-frequency link using a 1.3-mm-long lumped-element PCW EAM has achieved experimentally a link gain of 3 dB, at 500 MHz and at input optical power of 80 mW. The corresponding two-tone multioctave spurious-free dynamic range (SFDR) at the same bias is measured at 118 dB Hz 2 3 . The single-octave SFDR at the third-order null bias is 132 dB Hz 4 5 . Index Terms-Electroabsorption modulator (EAM), peripheral coupled waveguide (PCW), radio-frequency (RF) link gain, spurious-free dynamic range (SFDR).

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High-Power Intrastep Quantum Well Electroabsorption Modulator Using Single-Sided Large Optical Cavity Waveguide

Cited by 29 publications

References 6 publications

Analog Performance of Multiple-quantum-well Electroabsorption Modulator

Analog Performance of Multiple-quantum-well Electroabsorption Modulator

Gain–bandwidth relation of electroabsorption-modulated analogue fibre link: effect of photocurrent resistance

Peripheral-Coupled-Waveguide MQW Electroabsorption Modulator for Near Transparency and High Spurious Free Dynamic Range RF Fiber-Optic Link

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