High-power lithium ion batteries based on preorganized necklace type Li4Ti5O12/VACNT nano-composites

Pawlitzek, Fabian; Pampel, Jonas; Schmuck, Martin; Althues, Holger; Schumm, Benjamin; Kaskel, Stefan

doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2016.06.016

Cited by 27 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Compared with graphite, Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 is demonstrated to be of high safety. However, the Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 anode material suffers from poor electronic conductivity, − which hampers its large-scale application.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon-Enhanced Electrochemical Performance for Spinel Li₅Cr₇Ti₆O₂₅ as a Lithium Host Material

Yan

Qian

et al. 2016

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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The design and facile fabrication of CrTi-based anode materials with long-life, good safety, and low cost are strongly desired for lithium-ion batteries. In this study, we adopt the sol–gel method using glucose as carbon source to synthesize carbon-coated Li5Cr7Ti6O25. The effects of a carbon layer in Li5Cr7Ti6O25/C on electrochemical properties are focused through comparing carbon-coated Li5Cr7Ti6O25 with carbon-free Li5Cr7Ti6O25. Electrochemical tests show that Li5Cr7Ti6O25/C possesses better cycling and rate performances than those of carbon-free Li5Cr7Ti6O25. Cycled at 500 mA g–1, Li5Cr7Ti6O25/C delivers a high specific capacity of 111.6 mAh g–1 with 13% capacity loss after 200 cycles. In contrast, Li5Cr7Ti6O25 only exhibits a specific capacity of 93.6 mAh g–1 at 500 mA g–1 with 19% capacity loss after 200 cycles. The preeminent electrochemical property of Li5Cr7Ti6O25/C is ascribed to the amorphous carbon coating layer. This carbon layer can remarkably facilitate the transportation of electrons and ions in Li5Cr7Ti6O25. Furthermore, the lithiation/delithiation behavior of Li5Cr7Ti6O25/C is also investigated by advanced in situ X-ray diffraction technique, and the results verify that Li5Cr7Ti6O25/C possesses a highly reversible structural change during the charge/discharge process.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon-Enhanced Electrochemical Performance for Spinel Li₅Cr₇Ti₆O₂₅ as a Lithium Host Material

Yan

Qian

et al. 2016

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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“…It is revealed that the LTO nanoparticle has a d-spacing of 0.482 nm, which corresponds to the (111) lattice plane of LTO, and that the crystalline LTO phase is likewise in direct contact with the outer CNT layer. More detailed studies regarding the morphology of as-prepared LTO-VACNT nanoarrays, and their electrochemical characterization, were published earlier [37]. …”

Section: Structure Characterization Of Lto-and Lmo-vacnt Nanoarraysmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As illustrated in Figure 1, we have reported an alternative approach in an earlier publication the preparation of vertically aligned carbon nanotubes (VACNT) on metal foil decorated with in-situ grown LTO nanoparticles via spray deposition of precursor solutions [37]. It was shown that our approach offered the above-mentioned benefits of nanoarray electrodes, as well as highly conductive carbon nanotubes (CNT) and short Li + -ion electron pathways inside LTO nanoparticles, resulting in particularly high charging/discharging rates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanostructured Networks for Energy Storage: Vertically Aligned Carbon Nanotubes (VACNT) as Current Collectors for High-Power Li4Ti5O12(LTO)//LiMn2O4(LMO) Lithium-Ion Batteries

et al. 2017

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Abstract:As a concept for electrode architecture in high power lithium ion batteries, self-supported nanoarrays enable ultra-high power densities as a result of their open pore geometry, which results in short and direct Li + -ion and electron pathways. Vertically aligned carbon nanotubes (VACNT) on metallic current collectors with low interface resistance are used as current collectors for the chemical solution infiltration of electroactive oxides to produce vertically aligned carbon nanotubes decorated with in situ grown LiMn 2 O 4 (LMO) and Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 (LTO) nanoparticles. The production processes steps (catalyst coating, VACNT chemical vapor deposition (CVD), infiltration, and thermal transformation) are all scalable, continuous, and suitable for niche market production to achieve high oxide loadings up to 70 wt %. Due to their unique transport structure, as-prepared nanoarrays achieve remarkably high power densities up to 2.58 kW kg −1 , which is based on the total electrode mass at 80 C for LiMn 2 O 4 //Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 full cells. The tailoring of LTO and LMO nanoparticle size (~20-100 nm) and VACNT length (array height: 60-200 µm) gives insights into the rate-limiting steps at high current for these kinds of nanoarray electrodes at very high C-rates of up to 200 C. The results reveal the critical structural parameters for achieving high power densities in VACNT nanoarray full cells.

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“…Spinel lithium titanium oxide (Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 ) anode was considered as one hopeful alternative to carbonous anode because of its zero-strain insertion property and high insertion voltage plateau (∼1.55 V, vs Li 0 /Li + ), which prevents the formation of solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI) film and lithium dendrites. 5,6 Unfortunately, the low electronic conductivity of Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 impedes large-scale applications. The traditional solution is to focus on doping, 7−12 surface coating, 13−18 or preparing nanomaterials with novel morphologies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Developing noncarbonaceous anode materials with high safety has been viewed as one of the most important research trends for LIBs. Spinel lithium titanium oxide (Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 ) anode was considered as one hopeful alternative to carbonous anode because of its zero-strain insertion property and high insertion voltage plateau (∼1.55 V, vs Li 0 /Li + ), which prevents the formation of solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI) film and lithium dendrites. , Unfortunately, the low electronic conductivity of Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 impedes large-scale applications. The traditional solution is to focus on doping, − surface coating, − or preparing nanomaterials with novel morphologies. − Doping and surface modification have been regarded as effective methods to enhance the electrochemical properties of Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Robust Strategy for Crafting Li₅Cr₇Ti₆O₂₅@CeO₂ Composites as High-Performance Anode Material for Lithium-Ion Battery

Mei

et al. 2017

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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A facile strategy was developed to prepare LiCrTiO@CeO composites as a high-performance anode material. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Rietveld refinement results show that the CeO coating does not alter the structure of LiCrTiO but increases the lattice parameter. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) indicates that all samples have similar morphologies with a homogeneous particle distribution in the range of 100-500 nm. Energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) mapping and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) prove that CeO layer successfully formed a coating layer on a surface of LiCrTiO particles and supplied a good conductive connection between the LiCrTiO particles. The electrochemical characterization reveals that LiCrTiO@CeO (3 wt %) electrode shows the highest reversibility of the insertion and deinsertion behavior of Li ion, the smallest electrochemical polarization, the best lithium-ion mobility among all electrodes, and a better electrochemical activity than the pristine one. Therefore, LiCrTiO@CeO (3 wt %) electrode indicates the highest delithiation and lithiation capacities at each rate. At 5 C charge-discharge rate, the pristine LiCrTiO only delivers an initial delithiation capacity of ∼94.7 mAh g, and the delithiation capacity merely achieves 87.4 mAh g even after 100 cycles. However, LiCrTiO@CeO (3 wt %) delivers an initial delithiation capacity of 107.5 mAh·g, and the delithiation capacity also reaches 100.5 mAh g even after 100 cycles. The cerium dioxide modification is a direct and efficient approach to improve the delithiation and lithiation capacities and cycle property of LiCrTiO at large current densities.

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High-power lithium ion batteries based on preorganized necklace type Li4Ti5O12/VACNT nano-composites

Cited by 27 publications

References 47 publications

Carbon-Enhanced Electrochemical Performance for Spinel Li₅Cr₇Ti₆O₂₅ as a Lithium Host Material

Carbon-Enhanced Electrochemical Performance for Spinel Li₅Cr₇Ti₆O₂₅ as a Lithium Host Material

Nanostructured Networks for Energy Storage: Vertically Aligned Carbon Nanotubes (VACNT) as Current Collectors for High-Power Li4Ti5O12(LTO)//LiMn2O4(LMO) Lithium-Ion Batteries

Robust Strategy for Crafting Li₅Cr₇Ti₆O₂₅@CeO₂ Composites as High-Performance Anode Material for Lithium-Ion Battery

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High-power lithium ion batteries based on preorganized necklace type Li4Ti5O12/VACNT nano-composites

Cited by 27 publications

References 47 publications

Carbon-Enhanced Electrochemical Performance for Spinel Li5Cr7Ti6O25 as a Lithium Host Material

Carbon-Enhanced Electrochemical Performance for Spinel Li5Cr7Ti6O25 as a Lithium Host Material

Nanostructured Networks for Energy Storage: Vertically Aligned Carbon Nanotubes (VACNT) as Current Collectors for High-Power Li4Ti5O12(LTO)//LiMn2O4(LMO) Lithium-Ion Batteries

Robust Strategy for Crafting Li5Cr7Ti6O25@CeO2 Composites as High-Performance Anode Material for Lithium-Ion Battery

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Carbon-Enhanced Electrochemical Performance for Spinel Li₅Cr₇Ti₆O₂₅ as a Lithium Host Material

Carbon-Enhanced Electrochemical Performance for Spinel Li₅Cr₇Ti₆O₂₅ as a Lithium Host Material

Robust Strategy for Crafting Li₅Cr₇Ti₆O₂₅@CeO₂ Composites as High-Performance Anode Material for Lithium-Ion Battery