High-power photonic millimetre wave generation at 100 GHz using matching-circuit-integrated uni-travelling-carrier photodiodes

Itô, Hiroshi; Nagatsuma, Tadao; Hirata, Akihiko; Minotani, Tadashi; Sasaki, Akira; Hirota, Y.; Ishibashi, Tadao

doi:10.1049/ip-opt:20030384

Cited by 93 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…We will learn that the best values obtained so far refer to p-i-n-based "uni-travelingcarrier" (UTC) devices. At 100 GHz, a power of P THz ¼ 20 mW was observed 54 at a photocurrent of 25 mA. At 0.914 THz a THz power of 25 lW has been achieved with traveling wave photomixers.…”

Section: Antenna Emitter (Ae)mentioning

confidence: 97%

“…In fact, the ALMA frequency range matches the frequency range where photomixers operate most efficiently. Except for the highest frequency bands of ALMA (>0.7 THz), the results of Ito and coworkers 54,90 show that photomixers indeed provide enough local oscillator power according to the ALMA project book, 151 e.g., 20 mW around 100 GHz.…”

Section: Application To Very Long Baseline Interferometrymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At frequencies below their respective 3 dB frequency, UTC diodes have proven to be extremely efficient. Ito and coworkers 54 could demonstrate an output power of 20 mW at 100 GHz by integration in a resonant matching circuit to tune out the imaginary part of the diode impedance. This way, the RC roll-off could be almost eliminated.…”

Section: Uni-traveling-carrier Diode Designsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tunable, continuous-wave Terahertz photomixer sources and applications

Preu

Döhler

Malzer

et al. 2011

Journal of Applied Physics

431

293

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Realization of gigahertz-frequency impedance matching circuits for nano-scale devices Appl. Phys. Lett. 101, 053108 (2012) Synchronization of a renewable energy inverter with the grid J. Renewable Sustainable Energy 4, 043103 (2012) Monolithic high-temperature superconducting heterodyne Josephson frequency down-converter Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 262604 (2012) Generation of pure phase and amplitude-modulated signals at microwave frequencies Rev. Sci. Instrum. 83, 064705 (2012) Additional information on J. Appl. Phys. This review is focused on the latest developments in continuous-wave (CW) photomixing for Terahertz (THz) generation. The first part of the paper explains the limiting factors for operation at high frequencies $ 1 THz, namely transit time or lifetime roll-off, antenna (R)-device (C) RC rolloff, current screening and blocking, and heat dissipation. We will present various realizations of both photoconductive and p-i-n diode-based photomixers to overcome these limitations, including perspectives on novel materials for high-power photomixers operating at telecom wavelengths (1550 nm). In addition to the classical approach of feeding current originating from a small semiconductor photomixer device to an antenna (antenna-based emitter, AE), an antennaless approach in which the active area itself radiates (large area emitter, LAE) is discussed in detail. Although we focus on CW photomixing, we briefly discuss recent results for LAEs under pulsed conditions. Record power levels of 1.5 mW average power and conversion efficiencies as high as 2 Â 10 À3 have been reached, about 2 orders of magnitude higher than those obtained with CW antenna-based emitters. The second part of the paper is devoted to applications for CW photomixers. We begin with a discussion of the development of novel THz optics. Special attention is paid to experiments exploiting the long coherence length of CW photomixers for coherent emission and detection of THz arrays. The long coherence length comes with an unprecedented narrow linewidth. This is of particular interest for spectroscopic applications, the field in which THz research has perhaps the highest impact. We point out that CW spectroscopy systems may potentially be more compact, cheaper, and more accurate than conventional pulsed systems. These features are attributed to telecom-wavelength compatibility, to excellent frequency resolution, and to their huge spectral density. The paper concludes with prototype experiments of THz wireless LAN applications. For future telecommunication systems, the limited bandwidth of photodiodes is inadequate for further upshifting carrier frequencies. This, however, will soon be required for increased data throughput. The implementation of telecom-wavelength compatible photomixing diodes for down-conversion of an optical carrier signal to a (sub-)THz RF signal will be required.

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Section: Antenna Emitter (Ae)mentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Application To Very Long Baseline Interferometrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Uni-traveling-carrier Diode Designsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tunable, continuous-wave Terahertz photomixer sources and applications

Preu

Döhler

Malzer

et al. 2011

Journal of Applied Physics

431

293

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show abstract

“…A resonant matching circuit is an effective element that can increase the maximum output power of a PD at desired frequencies. A typical example is a short-stub circuit (Ito et al, 2003a) containing two waveguides and a capacitor (Fig. 6).…”

Section: Circuit and Package Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Power RF Uni-Traveling-Carrier Photodiodes (UTC-PDs) and Their Applications

Nagatsuma¹,

Itô²

2011

Advances in Photodiodes

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“…Fig. 10 shows the UTC-PD integrated with a short-stub matching circuit consisting of a CPW and a MIM capacitor [46]. This technique compensates for the internal capacitance of the PD, thus eliminating the constraint of RC time constant at a specific frequency, and increases the output power by more than 3 dB at the resonant frequency.…”

Section: Circuit Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

High‐power RF photodiodes and their applications

Nagatsuma

Itô

Ishibashi

2009

Laser & Photonics Reviews

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154

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There has been an increasing interest in photonic generation of RF signals in the millimeter-wave (30 GHz ∼ 300 GHz) and/or terahertz-wave (0.1 THz ∼ 10 THz) regions, and photodiodes play a key role in it. This paper reviews recent progress in the high-power RF photodiodes such as UniTraveling-Carrier-Photodiodes (UTC-PDs), which operate at these frequencies. Several approaches to increasing both the bandwidth and output power of photodiodes are discussed, and promising applications to broadband wireless communications and spectroscopic sensing are described.Photodiode chip is bonded to the substrate with the antenna. This is a symbolic figure of RF photonics in this article. Antenna Photodiode Light RF signal

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High-power photonic millimetre wave generation at 100 GHz using matching-circuit-integrated uni-travelling-carrier photodiodes

Cited by 93 publications

References 11 publications

Tunable, continuous-wave Terahertz photomixer sources and applications

Tunable, continuous-wave Terahertz photomixer sources and applications

High-Power RF Uni-Traveling-Carrier Photodiodes (UTC-PDs) and Their Applications

High‐power RF photodiodes and their applications

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