“…In the past years, various emitting wavelengths at 0.4 µm GaN‐based, 0.8–1.2 µm GaAs‐based, and 1.3–1.6 µm InP‐based SLDs have been reported. In general, SLDs have an inherent problem, however, in that the optical output powers differ greatly between the transverse‐electric polarized (TE, in which the electric field component is perpendicular to the direction of the layer growth) and transverse‐magnetic polarized (TM, in which the electric field component is parallel to the direction of the layer growth) modes.…”