High Precision and Range of Concentration Measurement for Sediment-Water Mixture based on Time Domain Reflectometry

Practical Assessment of Real‐Time Suspended Sediment Load Monitoring Using Time Domain Reflectometry

“…The subtractive difference of the phase angles (Δ ϕ [—] = ϕ 2 − ϕ 1 ) is graphed in Figure 3b as an example. Notably, during the calibration of the probe length ( L ), the phase velocity should be considered in the stable frequency range ( f = 100–200 MHz) depending on the actual length of the cable and probe (Lin et al., 2021).…”

“…With the SASW principle, a novel approach was developed to determine the FDPV of TDR, as indicated by Chung (2008) and Lin et al (2017Lin et al ( , 2021. A typical TDR waveform is shown in Figure 2a, which contains both the first and the end reflections from the sensing probe, as depicted in Figure 1.…”

“…(2016) and Lin et al. (2021) used the TDR SSC method for reservoir density current observations. According to previous field applications, TDR SSC measurements can be used to characterize suspended sediment transport in rivers and reservoirs.…”

“…Given the benefits of this method, including its broad measurement range, independence in relation to particle size, and cost-effective multiplexing in spatial profiling, Chung et al (2014) used TDR for SSC and sediment load monitoring in a river during a typhoon event. In later studies, Lin et al (2016) and Lin et al (2021) used the TDR SSC method for reservoir density current observations. According to previous field applications, TDR SSC measurements can be used to characterize suspended sediment transport in rivers and reservoirs.…”

“…By extending a sophisticated method for determining the soil moisture content, several researchers have developed a radar-based technology called time domain reflectometry (TDR) for SSC measurement (Chung, 2008;Chung & Lin, 2011;Chung et al, 2014;Lin et al, 2016Lin et al, , 2021. A TDR SSC method was then proposed that involves precisely measuring the velocity difference of electromagnetic (EM) waves in turbid water.…”