High Precision Vibration-Type Densitometers Based on Pulsed Excitation Measurements

Rechberger, Andreas; Amsuss, Robert; Rossegger, S.; Breidler, R.; Steiner, Gerald

doi:10.3390/s19071627

Cited by 13 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 7 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Obviously, the density's measurement accuracy directly depends on its resonator quality factor (Q-factor). From this point of view, with other conditions being equal , the U-shaped tubular resonator should be preferred to the straight one due to its Q-factor [12]. However, as it was previously noted, the use of the U -shaped resonator limits the application of the densimeter with pure liquids.…”

Section: Search For a Rational Densimeter Resonator Structure And Oscmentioning

confidence: 99%

Theoretical and experimental study of vibration-amplitude liquid densimeter on the basis of a high-quality tubular resonator

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This paper is devoted to the current model of vibration-amplitude liquid densimeter developed by the authors. Firstly, the necessity to develop vibration-amplitude liquids densimeters with straigt-flow sensing elements (resonators) belonging to the "low costlow accuracy" category is justified. The resonator structure, developed as the result of the search using the heuristic method, is described. The proposed resonator is a tube rigidly fixed at the ends with additional weights attached symmetrically at the vertical axis at the points of the antinodes of the second fundamental oscillation mode in order to improve the resonator quality-factor by suppressing parasitic harmonics. The structure provides the possibility to restore the resonator natural oscillation frequency (decreased with time) to the primary one. It may be achieved by sequence screwing rods with different lengths into additional masses. The choice of the operating frequency of oscillations equal to 100 Hz is proved. It ensures invariance to the presence of solid inclusions in measured liquid and simplifies the electromagnetic excitation system. There are also theoretical relations obtained as a result of solving a differential equation of natural oscillations of a rigidly fixed tube with additional point masses, which are symmetrically located relatively vertical axis. They allow determining the own resonator oscillations frequencies for given parameters. The description of the operating model of the vibration-amplitude liquids densimeter, obtained experimentally and its calibration characteristic, is given.

show abstract

Section: Search For a Rational Densimeter Resonator Structure And Oscmentioning

confidence: 99%

Theoretical and experimental study of vibration-amplitude liquid densimeter on the basis of a high-quality tubular resonator

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Any mass added to the tube increases the effective mass of the sensor (ms), resulting in a measurable reduction in the resonant frequency of the U-tube. The use of this principal is currently used in resonating cantilevers to measure the density of fluids [22][23][24]. In this research, the concept was developed for the measurement of mass concentration of particulates from industrial processes.…”

Section: Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The system is excited via forced vibration and the exciter will operate to keep the system, for any change in additional mass (ms), at its resonant frequency, overcoming damping effects as seen in work undertaken by Hermiyanty [30]. As explained by Rechberger [23], glass flexural resonators are established as being one of the standard methods for the measurement of density of liquids in a laboratory. The core component of the system is the U-shaped glass tube measuring cell detailed in Figure 2a, whose oscillator's resonance frequency changes with the mass of the fluid within the tube.…”

Section: Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Design, Modelling, and Experimental Validation of a Glass U-Tube Mass Sensing Cantilever for Particulate Direct-on-Line Emissions Measurement

Nicklin

Darabkhani

2023

Atmosphere

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The requirement to monitor and control industrial processes has increased over recent years, therefore innovative techniques are required to meet the demand for alternative methods of particulate measurement. Resonant mass sensors are now strong candidates for accurate mass measurement and are frequently used in many diverse fields of science and engineering. This paper presents the design, modelling, and optimal geometry selection for sensitivity improvement of a U-shaped glass tube as a resonant mass sensing cantilever with a view to becoming a component of particulate measurement equipment. Finite Element Analysis (FEA) was used to develop the system which was validated experimentally using a physical model. This paper focuses on both the proof of concept and the geometry selection of the sensor using analysis of the system sensitivity for best selection. Modal and harmonic analysis were undertaken across a range of commercially available glass tube sizes from 6 mm to 10 mm diameter, to determine the optimal geometry selection, validated with practical experimental data. Results show a consistent difference of 3–5% between the simulation and experimental results, showing strong correlation. This research provides a methodology on the development of using a U-shaped glass tube for accurate mass measurement with a view to exploring the design as a component of particulate emissions equipment. The experimental and simulation results confirm that the highest sensitivity is achieved when the geometry dimensions, and therefore the vacant mass of the tube, is reduced. The 6 mm diameter tube with the smallest bend radius was the most suitable design to meet the design criteria. The calibration curve was plotted to allow an unknown mass to be calculated, which gave an R2 value of 0.9984. All experimental work was repeated three times with results giving an average of 0.44% between the minimum and maximum showing strong linearity and suggesting the potential for implementation of the methodology in its intended application. The design provides possible solutions to some of the issues currently seen with particulate measurement from stationary sources.

show abstract

“…Hydrostatic densitometers are capable to measure density by measuring the pressure of the liquid column of constant height. The density has a linear relationship with the measured hydrostatic pressure [14][15]. The operation principle of vibrating densitometers is based on measuring the resonance frequency (excited by a vibration source -transmitter) which is a function of the density of the tested liquid [16].…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

U-shape Acoustic Liquid Densitometer

Younes¹,

Alkhedher²,

Shgier³

et al. 2019

I2M

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The growing interest in measuring density of liquids has led to the need to develop new types of densitometers that can be used in several applications. The purpose of this work is to propose a simple densitometer based on measuring the frequency of created standing wave with a tube filled by a liquid under test. The developed approach is utilized to obtain a relationship between the density of some liquids and the frequency. The data acquisition and signal processing are carried out by LabVIEW software. It was shown that is a clear relationship between the frequency of standing wave created within a resonance tube in form of U-shape and the density of tested sample. This result can assist in production of cost-effective and portable densitometers.

show abstract

High Precision Vibration-Type Densitometers Based on Pulsed Excitation Measurements

Cited by 13 publications

References 7 publications

Theoretical and experimental study of vibration-amplitude liquid densimeter on the basis of a high-quality tubular resonator

Theoretical and experimental study of vibration-amplitude liquid densimeter on the basis of a high-quality tubular resonator

Design, Modelling, and Experimental Validation of a Glass U-Tube Mass Sensing Cantilever for Particulate Direct-on-Line Emissions Measurement

U-shape Acoustic Liquid Densitometer

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About