High-pressure combustion of metals (Three-zone model)

Kuryavtsev, V. M.; Сухов, А. В.; Voronetskiĭ, A. V.; Shpara, A. P.

doi:10.1007/bf00739861

Cited by 28 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…However, the overall duration of signal intensity is comparable between atmospheric and elevated pressure conditions. This result is not surprising since the Beckstead Correlation (Beckstead, 2005) implies that the overall burning time of aluminum particles is at best a weak function of pressure, and several experimental and numerical studies support that conclusion (Bazyn et al, 2005;Belyaev et al, 1968;Frolov et al, 1972;Kuryavtsev et al, 1979;Law, 1973). Although there is evidence to suggest that any pressure dependencỹ …”

Section: Determination Of Ignition Temperaturesupporting

confidence: 58%

High Pressure Ignition and Combustion of Aluminum Hydride

Young

Jacob

Zachariah

2015

Combustion Science and Technology

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An experimental study was conducted to determine the high pressure ignition characteristics of α-aluminum hydride. Aluminum hydride particles were heated on a platinum filament at heating rates of approximately 1 × 10 5 K/s in a pressure vessel for pressures ranging up to about 7 MPa, in order to quantify the ignition temperature and to observe the ignition process. Experiments were conducted in air, argon, and nitrogen as the pressurizing environment. This study revealed that the dehydrogenation of aluminum hydride is not a function of pressure under the conditions tested. In addition, ignition temperatures were found to be approximately linearly related to pressure until pressures exceeded about 0.4 MPa, at which point they remained constant through the highest pressures tested. High speed imaging of the ignition process showed a dramatic change in the ignition behavior for pressures above 0.4 MPa, corresponding to what we believe is a threshold for H 2 /air autoginition or perhaps even an explosion limit. We find that the combustion behavior of aluminum hydride particles shared many traits similar to what has been previously observed with aluminum particles including a diffusion flame surrounding the particle, spinning, jetting, and explosions/fragmentation. Quenched particles also showed clear evidence of gas phase combustion with parent particles containing nanofeatures, which were condensed from the gas phase. The results of this study provide additional understanding on the ignition and combustion process of aluminum hydride at extreme conditions, which may be useful in modeling efforts or in the development of solid propellants.

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Section: Determination Of Ignition Temperaturesupporting

confidence: 58%

High Pressure Ignition and Combustion of Aluminum Hydride

Young

Jacob

Zachariah

2015

Combustion Science and Technology

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“…The postulated combustion mechanisms were much simplified, using global kinetics. Many of the models [2,3,7] did not account for the effects of the oxide cap in symmetrical flame distortion, and most of the models assumed a quasi-steady state [3,7,8]. Many models concentrated on aluminum combustion in air, while the oxidizers in rocket motors mainly consist of CO 2 and H 2 O.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Kudryavtsev et al [8] and Gremyachkin et al [11,12] developed models for describing the burning rate of metals in general, but focused on aluminum. Babuk et al [13] studied the effect of metaloxide formation on combustion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They accounted for the effects of O 2 , H 2 O, and CO 2 as oxidizers, concluding that the burning times for CO 2 are twice as long as for water vapor and that the burning times for water vapor are 1.5 times as long as for oxygen. Kudryavtsev et al [8] developed a model including the reaction of aluminum and water. Their model [8] predicted burning times constant above ≈24 atm but varying at lower pressures (in agreement with experimental data).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Kudryavtsev et al [8] developed a model including the reaction of aluminum and water. Their model [8] predicted burning times constant above ≈24 atm but varying at lower pressures (in agreement with experimental data). They assumed that the low-pressure variation in the burning time is due to the diffusion process being inhibited by the oxide cloud.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Numerical Simulation of Single Aluminum Particle Combustion (Review)

Beckstead

Liang

Pudduppakkam

2005

Combust Explos Shock Waves

144

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A two-dimensional, unsteady-state, kinetic-diffusion-vaporization-controlled numerical model for aluminum particle combustion is presented. The model solves the conservation equations, while accounting for species generation and destruction with a 15-reaction kinetic mechanism. Two of the major phenomena that differentiate aluminum combustion from hydrocarbon-droplet combustion, namely, condensation of the aluminum-oxide product and subsequent deposition of part of the condensed oxide onto the particle, are accounted for in detail with a submodel for each phenomenon. The effect of the oxide cap in the distortion of the species and temperature profiles around the particle is included into the model. The results obtained from the model, which include two-dimensional species and temperature profiles, are analyzed and compared with experimental data. The combustion process is found to approach a diffusion-controlled process for the oxidizers (O 2 , CO 2 , and H 2 O) and conditions treated. The flame-zone location and thickness are found to vary with the oxidizer. The result shows that the exponent of the particle-diameter dependence of the burning time is not a constant and changes from ≈1.2 for smaller-diameter particles to ≈1.9 for larger-diameter particles. Owing to deposition of the aluminum oxide onto the particle surface, the particle velocity oscillates. The effect of pressure is analyzed for a few oxidizers. Key words: aluminum particle, two-dimensional unsteady-state numerical model, kinetic mechanism, effect of the nature of the gaseous oxidizer, condensed oxide, oxide dissociation, oxide cap, burning time, species and temperature fields INTRODUCTIONAluminum has been added to propellants for many years as an extra energy source for the propellant. Thus, research on the combustion mechanism of burning aluminum has been an ongoing effort. A very significant effort was expended in the 1960s and 1970s shortly after the effects of aluminum were first conceived. In an early study, Glassman [1] and Brzustowski and Glassman [2] recognized that metal combustion would be analogous to hydrocarbon-droplet combustion, that the D 2 law ought to be applied, and that ignition and combustion ought to depend on the melting and boiling points of the metal and the oxide. Glassman speculated that ig-

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Etude numérique et paramétrique de la combustion de particules d'aluminium

1997

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Dans le but de prendre en compte la reactivite des particules d'aluminium issues de la combustion des pains de prop ergo1 solide qui sont places dans les lanceurs spatiaux, plusieurs modeles numeriques ont ete eprouves. Notre choix s'est rapidement porte sur le modele de Law puisqu'il permet de transiter continfiment d'une goutte d'aluminium a une goutte d'oxyde et de connaitre la taille du residu en fin de combustion ceci pouvant expliquer les depdts importants observes dans les moteurs fusee. En vue d'y etudier les couplages ecoulement / combustion, la combustion de gouttes d'aluminium a ete largement analyde au travers de calculs OD mettant en evidence les principaux rouages du processus de combustion.Several numerical models have been investigated to study the reactivity of aluminium particles coming from the combustion of solid propellants in spatial launchers. The Law model has been rapidly selected as it yields a continuous model from an aluminium drop to an oxide drop. The model also gives the residue size at the end of the combustion process. This could explain the scaling observed in the rocket engines. In order to study the coupling between the flow and the combustion, the combusion of aluminium drops has been widely analyzed with OD computation. The main mechanisms of the combustion process have been identified.Mots cles: combustion d'aluminium, numerique, couplage ecoulement-combustion, modele theorique.'analyse et le calcul numerique ont permis d'ameliorer L la comprehension, la conception et la realisation des moteurs fusee a propergol solide. Des phenomenes de plus en plus nombreux et de plus en plus fins sont incorpores aux modeles existants (en nette relation avec les progres de puissance informatique): dissipation visqueuse, dissipation turbulente, effets diphasiques. La particularite des moteurs a propergol solide est I'integration dam leur formulation de particules metalliques hautement energetiques dans le but d'augmenter leurs performances globales. Par contre, la presence de ces particules a aussi des inconvenients: apres sa combustion, la particule est formee de son oxyde liquide qui, par accumulation, peut soit creer un film sur la tuyere, donc entrainer des degradations et des pertes de performances du moteur, soit creer un depp6t dont la masse est de l'ordre de la tonne (booster Ariane V) ce qui entraine une baisse de la charge utile. C'est pourquoi pour simuler ces effets, en vue de les corriger, il est necessaire de calculer 1'6coulement diphasique interne. Les trajectoires des particules etant fortement liees a la masse, donc au diametre, il est necessaire avant toute chose, de connaitre les processus de variation du diametre qui sont essentiellement des processus de combustion, ici en phase vapeur.Les effets entre les phases gazeuse et dispersee (cette derniere etant formee par les particules) qui doivent 6tre pris en compte sont l'echange de chaleur conductif, les transferts de masse et de chaleur dus a la combustion des particules.L'objet du present travail consiste, apres une an...

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High-pressure combustion of metals (Three-zone model)

Cited by 28 publications

References 6 publications

High Pressure Ignition and Combustion of Aluminum Hydride

High Pressure Ignition and Combustion of Aluminum Hydride

Numerical Simulation of Single Aluminum Particle Combustion (Review)

Etude numérique et paramétrique de la combustion de particules d'aluminium

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