High-pressure dynamic viscosity and density of two synthetic hydrocarbon mixtures representative of some heavy petroleum distillation cuts

Boned, Christian; Zéberg-Mikkelsen, Claus K.; Baylaucq, Antoine; Dauge, P.

doi:10.1016/s0378-3812(03)00279-6

Cited by 40 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The highest deviations are obtained at the lowest temperature and highest pressure. As it can be seen by estimating the coefficients in the self-referencing model using the pure compound coefficients, a significant improvement compared to the original model [7] is found and similar observations have been found for other petroleum related systems [18,19]. Further, this clearly shows, as suggested in the original article, that the use of the reference measurement point is important, because this measurement contains and provides useful information about the considered fluid.…”

Section: Self-referencing Methodssupporting

confidence: 69%

Comparative study of viscosity models on the ternary system methylcyclohexane + cis-decalin + 2,2,4,4,6,8,8-heptamethylnonane up to 100MPa

Zéberg-Mikkelsen

Baylaucq

Barrouhou

et al. 2004

Fluid Phase Equilibria

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Section: Self-referencing Methodssupporting

confidence: 69%

Comparative study of viscosity models on the ternary system methylcyclohexane + cis-decalin + 2,2,4,4,6,8,8-heptamethylnonane up to 100MPa

Zéberg-Mikkelsen

Baylaucq

Barrouhou

et al. 2004

Fluid Phase Equilibria

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“…The yields of 5-HMF were 78-82 % for fructose conversions of 89-95 % (5-HMF selectivities of 85-89 %) for a reaction time of 6 h for acetone, DMSO, methanol, ethanol, and ethyl acetate (Figure 3). According to the GrunbergNissan mixing law, [16] the room-temperature viscosities of the mixtures of [BMIM][Cl] with different cosolvents were estimated, and are listed in Table 1. By adding a small amount of cosolvent (x 1 ) to the IL (x 2 ), the viscosities were reduced from an estimated value of 6800 mPa s, which was extrapolated from measurements at higher temperatures (80 to 100 8C), to values [17] Surprisingly, the results obtained with scCO 2 (at 35 8C) were similar to the other cosolvents (Figure 3), providing evidence that the effect of the cosolvents on the IL solvent system is mainly improved mass transfer due to viscosity and diffusion.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient Catalytic Conversion of Fructose into 5‐Hydroxymethylfurfural in Ionic Liquids at Room Temperature

et al. 2009

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One of the main challenges for establishing a society that uses biomass-derived carbohydrate chemistry will be the development of effective chemical transformations that are rapid and that can be performed at room temperature. Herein, we report a method for transforming fructose into 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) that is quantitative and operates at room temperature. The preparation of 5-HMF, which is a versatile, key renewable platform molecule from biomass-derived carbohydrates, is regarded as an essential transformation needed in carbohydrate chemistry. [1][2][3] The formation of 5-HMF by the acid-catalyzed dehydration of fructose has been demonstrated in water, [4] traditional organic solvents, [5,6] multiphase systems, [1][2][3] and ionic liquids (ILs). [7][8][9] Dumesic and co-workers studied acid-catalyzed fructose dehydration in a two-phase reactor system at 180 8C, [1] and achieved a maximum 5-HMF selectivity of 85 % with 89 % fructose conversion.[3] Binder et al. developed a process that converted fructose to 5-HMF in N,N-dimethylacetamide in the presence of KI and H 2 SO 4 at 100 8C for 5 h reaction time, and achieved a 5-HMF yield of 92 %.[6] These reports indicate that the effective conversion of fructose into 5-HMF in water, organic solvents, and multiphase systems requires high reaction temperatures of 100 to 300 8C. Ionic liquids have been studied for the transformation of fructose and it has been found that the reaction temperature can be lowered to temperatures ranging from 80 to 140 8C for reaction times on the order of hours. Zhao et al. achieved a 5-HMF yield of 83 % in an ionic liquid solvent (1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride, [EMIM][Cl]) with CrCl 2 as catalyst at a temperature of 80 8C for a reaction time of 3 h.[9] Yong et al. studied the production of 5-HMF from fructose in 1-butyl-3-methyl imidazolium chloride ([BMIM][Cl]) using CrCl 2 as catalyst, and 5-HMF yields of 96 % were achieved at 100 8C in 6 h reaction time. [7] Up until now, all of these processes have reported that temperatures above 80 8C were necessary for the transformation reactions, with some of the chief reasons being those related to the melting point of the ionic liquid or to the high viscosity of the reaction mixture.Performing reactions that at ambient conditions can be considered as one of the key goals among the 12 Principles of Green Chemistry.[10] The method proposed in this work uses safe catalytic methods and avoids harsh solvents. We selected 1-butyl-3-methyl imidazolium chloride ([BMIM][Cl]) as solvent and Amberlyst 15 strong acidic ion-exchange resin as the catalyst for the conversion of fructose into 5-HMF. [BMIM][Cl] is commonly used as an IL solvent or precursor to other ILs, [11] and has a melting point of about 70 8C. Reactions at 25 8C might not seem possible, but after predissolving the fructose into the IL and subsequently adding a small amount of any one of a number of common solvents, the reaction proceeded smoothly and efficiently at room temperature. In a typical experiment, 0.05 g of fr...

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“…The theory can be applied to mixtures by employing mixing rules for the three parameters. In the literature, there is no agreement about the best mixing rules to work [16][17][18][19][20][21][22]. The appropriateness of mixing rules is assessed by comparing molecular predictions with experimental data.…”

Section: Free Volume Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Temperature dependence and chain length effect on density and viscosity of binary mixtures of nitrobenzene and 2-alcohols

Almasi

2015

Journal of Molecular Liquids

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High-pressure dynamic viscosity and density of two synthetic hydrocarbon mixtures representative of some heavy petroleum distillation cuts

Cited by 40 publications

References 31 publications

Comparative study of viscosity models on the ternary system methylcyclohexane + cis-decalin + 2,2,4,4,6,8,8-heptamethylnonane up to 100MPa

Comparative study of viscosity models on the ternary system methylcyclohexane + cis-decalin + 2,2,4,4,6,8,8-heptamethylnonane up to 100MPa

Efficient Catalytic Conversion of Fructose into 5‐Hydroxymethylfurfural in Ionic Liquids at Room Temperature

Temperature dependence and chain length effect on density and viscosity of binary mixtures of nitrobenzene and 2-alcohols

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