High-pressure phase of natural fullerene C60 in iridium-rich Cretaceous–Tertiary boundary layers of Deccan intertrappean deposits, Anjar, Kutch, India

High-resolution Hg chemostratigraphy: A contribution to the distinction of chemical fingerprints of the Deccan volcanism and Cretaceous–Paleogene Boundary impact event

“…Presence of high temperature/ high pressure (HTP) phase of fullerenes (complexes C molecules) in deposits supposedly associated with events involving an impact of a large bolide (e.g., Chicxulub and Bedout craters; Becker et al, 2000a) provides further evidence for a crucial role of bolide impacts in the mass extinction. Parthasarathy et al (2008) reported the presence of the natural toluene-soluble fullerene and the toluene-insoluble high-pressure/ temperature phase of fullerene C 60 in carbonaceous matter extracted from iridium-rich intertrappean sediments of the Anjar KTB site, India. The conditions of high-pressure/temperature regimes required for the formation of HTP fullerene phases can be created by an energetic impact event (Parthasarathy et al, 2008).…”

“…Parthasarathy et al (2008) reported the presence of the natural toluene-soluble fullerene and the toluene-insoluble high-pressure/ temperature phase of fullerene C 60 in carbonaceous matter extracted from iridium-rich intertrappean sediments of the Anjar KTB site, India. The conditions of high-pressure/temperature regimes required for the formation of HTP fullerene phases can be created by an energetic impact event (Parthasarathy et al, 2008). This has led these authors to suggest that the occurrences of such phases in the KTB layer at Anjar could be linked to a contemporaneous bolide impact.…”

Transformation of Aggregated C60 in the Aqueous Phase by UV Irradiation

“…The study presented herein examines the reaction of the water-stable colloidal form of C 60 (nC 60 ) by irradiation of monochromatic UV at 254 nm. While photons in the UVC wavelength regions of sunlight (λ < 290 nm) do not penetrate into the lower troposphere and reach the ground surface (23), C 60 transported to the upper atmosphere, for example, that generated from coal-burning power plants (24) or from lightning and volcanic action (25), might form similar nC 60 in water droplets with direct exposure to short-wavelength UV irradiation. The nC 60 released to wastewater and source water for drinking water could be exposed to germicidal UV light during disinfection processes.…”

Analysis of fullerenes in soils samples collected in The Netherlands

“…Although some studies suggested that fullerenes may be degraded due to both biotic and abiotic processes (e.g. Tiwari et al, 2014), others highlighted the stability of C 60 that may result in their accumulation in the environment (Jehlicka et al, 2005;Parthasarathy et al, 2008;Avanasi et al, 2014;Navarro et al, 2016). However, fullerenes have been shown to affect soil organisms (e.g.…”