A series of homoleptic cations of Rh(I,II), Rh(II), and Rh(III) have been synthesized and characterized
in the solid-state and in solution. Three new dinuclear compounds of dirhodium(II,II) were prepared by treatment
of Rh2(O2CCH3)4(L)2 with Et3OBF4 or Me3Si(CF3SO3) in acetonitrile or propionitrile. The cations in [Rh2
II,II(MeCN)10][BF4]4 (1), [Rh2
II,II(MeCN)10][SO3CF3]4 (2), and [Rh2
II,II(EtCN)10][BF4]4 (3) contain eight equatorial
RCN groups oriented in an approximately square planar arrangement around the two Rh atoms and two axial
RCN molecules. The redox properties of 1−3 were investigated by cyclic voltammetry, which revealed the
presence of one or two irreversible reduction(s) but no oxidations. Although there was no electrochemical
evidence for an accessible oxidation, it was found that treatment of [Rh2
II,II(MeCN)10][BF4]4 with NOBF4
occurs to yield another member of the homoleptic acetonitrile family, namely, the octahedral d6 cation [RhIII(MeCN)6][BF4]3, (4). The corresponding one-electron reduction product was isolated by a slow galvanostatic
reduction of [Rh2
II,II(MeCN)10][BF4]4 (1) in MeCN at a Pt electrode. The crystals harvested from the cathode
were found to be the unprecedented mixed-valence 1-D chain compound [RhI,II(MeCN)4(BF4)1.5]
x
(5), which
result from a radical polymerization of the unstable Rh2
I,II dinuclear cation. In an effort to access the final
member of this series, namely, the homoleptic RhI species, the dicarbonyl compound [RhI(CO)2(MeCN)2][BF4] (6) was prepared, but all thermal and photochemical attempts to remove the CO ligands led to the
conclusion that only one CO is labile. The mixed-ligand, square planar cation [RhI(CO)2(MeCN)2]+ was found
to form a 1-D stack in the solid state, unlike previously reported salts with bulky counterions. For all of the
compounds under investigation, infrared spectroscopy and X-ray studies were performed. The mixed-valence
product was also characterized by EPR spectroscopy and SQUID magnetometry.