Neodymium monoxide (NdO) is a metastable
rare earth oxide material
with a unique electronic structure, which has potential applications
across various fields such as semiconductors, energy, catalysis, laser
technology, and advanced communications. Despite its promising attributes,
the thermodynamic properties of NdO remain unexplored. In this study,
high pressure, high temperature phases of neodymium monoxide (NdO,
with a rocksalt structure) and body-centered cubic
(bcc) Nd metal were synthesized at 5 GPa and 1473
K. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) measurements indicate that
the Nd 3d peak shifts to higher energy in NdO relative
to Nd2O3, suggesting the possibility of complex
electronic states in NdO. Formation enthalpies for the reaction 1/3Nd2O3 + 1/3bcc Nd = NdO obtained
from high temperature solution calorimetry in molten sodium molybdate
and for the reaction dhcp Nd (metal) = bcc Nd (metal) from differential scanning calorimetry are 25.98 ±
8.65 and 5.2 kJ/mol, respectively. Utilizing these enthalpy values,
we calculated the pressure–temperature boundary for the reaction
1/3 bcc Nd + 1/3Nd2O3 = NdO,
which has a negative P–T slope of −1.68×
10–4 GPa/K. These insights reveal the high pressure
behavior of NdO and neodymium metal, underscoring their potential
utility in technological applications.