“…N-type semiconductors such as TiO 2 , BiVO 4 , and α-Fe 2 O 3 or molecular dyes such as ruthenium tris-bipyridine complexes, , perylene, , polyheptazine, , metal-free porphyrins, and π-conjugated naphthalene benzimidazole polymers have been assayed as PSs in this context. Regarding the OER catalyst, oxides of transition metals such as IrO 2 , , CoO x , , Co–Pi, − or FeOOH − have been investigated, as well as some molecular complexes. , …”