High Prevalence of Anal Human Papillomavirus Infection and Associated Risky Behaviors in Men Infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Taiwan

Abstract

A cross-sectional study was conducted to investigate the prevalence, types, and risk factors associated with anal HPV infection among HIV-infected men in outpatient clinics at an AIDS designated hospital in Taiwan. Anal swabs were collect and PCR (polymerase chain reaction) was used to analyze the types of anal HPV infection. HPV DNA was detected in 74.2% of the 198 participants, including high-risk types (40.4%), low-risk types (18.2%) and multiple-types (6%). The most common types were HPV 16 (13.1%), 6 (10.4%), 11 (7.1%) and 18 (6.1%). The significant risk factor for being infected with any type or a high-risk type of HPV was having sexual partners (>3) in the preceding 6 months. Low-risk type of anal HPV infection was associated with a history of anal lesions. Our findings support the need for regular follow-up of all HIV/HPV coinfected patients and their partners to allow early detection of anal intraepithelial neoplasia.

Anal Human Papillomavirus Infection among HIV-Infected Men in Korea

“…Similar to previous studies[19–21, 25, 28], the most commonly detected HR-HPV types in HIV-infected MSM in our study were HPV 16 and 18, which are the types most commonly associated with anal cancer. In contrast to HIV-infected MSM, the most prevalent HR-HPV in HIV-infected MSW was HPV 58, which has been found to be prevalent among patients with cervical cancer in East Asia[36].…”

“…In this study, the prevalence of anal HPV infection with the 32 virus types tested and HR-HPV infection among HIV-infected MSM was 82.7% and 47.4%, respectively. Although there can be some differences in the prevalence of anal HPV infection across different studies according to the sampling methods and diagnostic methods[13], this is consistent with the results from the earlier studies conducted in HIV-infected MSM[14–28]. …”

“…In contrast to HIV-infected MSM, the most prevalent HR-HPV in HIV-infected MSW was HPV 58, which has been found to be prevalent among patients with cervical cancer in East Asia[36]. The type-specific prevalence of anal HPV infection has ranged widely in studies among HIV-infected men in East Asia[19, 20, 23, 28, 31, 37]. In HIV-infected MSM, HPV-16 was the most frequently detected HR-HPV types both in China (14.3–34%)[19, 20, 23, 37] and in Taiwan (10%)[28], while HPV-58 was most commonly found in Japan (30.2%)[31].…”

“…The type-specific prevalence of anal HPV infection has ranged widely in studies among HIV-infected men in East Asia[19, 20, 23, 28, 31, 37]. In HIV-infected MSM, HPV-16 was the most frequently detected HR-HPV types both in China (14.3–34%)[19, 20, 23, 37] and in Taiwan (10%)[28], while HPV-58 was most commonly found in Japan (30.2%)[31]. In HIV-infected MSW, although there are limited data in East Asia due to small number of subjects, HPV-16 was the most prevalent HR-HPV types both in Taiwan (15.6%)[28] and in Japan (14.7%)[31].…”

Oncogenic human papillomavirus is not helpful for cytology screening of the precursor lesions of anal cancers in Taiwanese men who are infected with human immunodeficiency virus

“…More than 75 % of newly diagnosed HIV-infected patients were men who had sex with men [13]. A previous study of 130 HIV-positive homosexual men showed that 77 % had anal HPV infections [14], and another study revealed that 23.0 % of HIVpositive men in Taiwan had anal squamous intraepithelial lesions (SILs) [15]. However, to the best of our knowledge, there have been no studies of anal cancer screening in HIVinfected Taiwanese men.…”