High prevalence of Antibiotic Resistance Bacteria isolated from Municipal Solid Waste Dumpsite, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia

Sitotaw, Baye; Ayalew, Fikremariam; Girma, Abayeneh; Geta, Kindu; Kibret, Mulugeta

doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-1182902/v1

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…According to the literature, dump sites represent an urban landscape with a distinct ecology and environmental conditions [39,40]. Dump site soils, for example, may form novel ecosystems with novel biodiversity composition, biogeochemistry, and ecological functions [41][42][43], which may be exploited for various biotechnological applications. However, the microbial and functional diversity of informal dumping sites is still poorly understood.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial Communities in Informal Dump Sites: A Rich Source of Unique Diversity and Functional Potential for Bioremediation Applications

et al. 2022

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In this study, high-throughput metagenomic amplicon sequencing and physicochemical analyses were used to evaluate the structural composition and functional diversity of the soil bacterial communities at different illegal waste dump sites. Results showed that while the litter-free soil was dominated by the phylum Proteobacteria, dumpsite soils were enriched with phylum Actinobacteria, followed by Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Chloroflexi, Acidobacteria, Planctomycetes, Bacteroidetes, and Gemmatimonadetes. Bacterial diversity differed significantly (p > 0.05) between the litter-free and contaminated sites, with each dumpsite having distinct genera that demonstrate the impact of waste type on the bacterial community composition. Genus Nocardioides, a versatile organic and inorganic pollutant-degrading bacteria in the class Actinomycetia, was dominant in the dump site soils, raising the possibility that this genus could serve as a potential biomarker for dump site soil pollution. PICRUSt functional profiling also showed the presence of genes involved in putative degradative pathways in the dump site soils. Furthermore, community-level physiological profile (CLPP) analyses revealed that the dump site soils are habitats to active bacterial communities with significant catabolic and carbon utilization capacity. Overall, this study provides a theoretical insight into the diversity and unique soil bacterial assemblages in illegal dump sites that could encode biotechnologically significant genes for biosynthesis and biodegradation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial Communities in Informal Dump Sites: A Rich Source of Unique Diversity and Functional Potential for Bioremediation Applications

et al. 2022

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“…Numerous factors, including variations in the complexity of the disposed waste and physicochemical characteristics of the dump site, may be responsible for the difference in microorganisms found in this study and earlier studies. A diverse community of microorganisms may exist at the dumpsite due to the environment's variability [36].…”

Section: Common Identified Bacteria and Molds Between Solid Waste And...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bacterial pathogens, mainly Gram-negative than Grampositive, are among the leading pathogenic microorganisms and have been posing serious public health problems globally by developing antibiotic resistance (ABR) [36], [43]. ABR was highly observed in bacteria Citrobacter spp., Salmonella spp., and Escherichia coli isolated from dump site S3 with the antibiotics used while Klebsiella spp., Enterobacter spp., and Staphylococcus aureus were found to be sensitive ( [44], [50].…”

Section: Common Identified Bacteria and Molds Between Solid Waste And...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The occurrence of a high level of antibiotic resistance to commonly used antibiotics could pose a risk of spreading the ABR to opportunistic pathogens, ultimately giving rise to different public health-related hazards. This demands a proper waste management system, as well as research programs to monitor for antimicrobial resistance determinants in municipal solid wastes [36]. were the most common among identified molds (Figure 1).…”

Section: Common Identified Bacteria and Molds Between Solid Waste And...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microbial Assessment of Solid Waste and Bioaerosol Associated with Open Dumping Sites of the Kathmandu City, Nepal

Kapali,

Shakya,

Pradhan

et al. 2023

IJEAB

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The study aims to isolate and identify bacteria and fungi (mold) present in solid waste and its associated bioaerosol in the Kathmandu city. A total of 10 samples; 5 different solid waste samples and 5 different bioaerosol samples, collected from 5 open dumping sites in the Kathmandu city, were transported to the microbiology laboratory of St. Xavier’s College for processing. Standard microbiological procedures were followed for the identification of isolates. The Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method was used to determine the antibiotic susceptibility of bacterial isolates following CLSI 2020 standards. In the collected solid waste samples, the bacterial colony count ranged from 1.27 × 108 to 2.8 × 108 CFU/ml, whereas the fungi colony count ranged from 1 × 105 to 4 × 105 CFU/ml. Bacterial colony counts from bioaerosol samples ranged from 116 to >300 CFU/90mm/15 minutes, whereas fungi colony counts were between 2 and 6 CFU/90mm/15 minutes. Out of 48 bacteria and 34 molds identified, Bacillus spp. (27%) and Aspergillus niger (29%) were found to be predominant than other isolates. Citrobacter spp., Salmonella spp., and Escherichia coli isolated from solid waste samples of dump site S3 showed maximum resistance to the different antibiotics used. The common microbial isolates from solid waste samples and bioaerosol samples included 7 different bacteria and 4 different molds. The presence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and pathogenic fungi in waste dump sites pose public health-related risks.

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“…Inappropriate antibiotic use is becoming highly prevalent in Ethiopia, and several studies have revealed the presence of many bacteria resistant to commonly used antibiotics [38][39][40]. Based on institutional studies, a high rate of ABR was also reported in Hawassa City [24,41,42].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices (KAP) on Antibiotic Use and Disposal Ways in Sidama Region, Ethiopia: A Community-Based Cross-Sectional Survey

Sitotaw,

Philipos

2023

The Scientific World Journal

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Antibiotic resistance has been among the top public health threats elsewhere. Scientific information on knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) at the community level towards antibiotic use and disposal ways is a vital step for effective intervention. This study aimed at determining the levels of KAP and associated risk factors for antibiotics in and around Hawassa City, southern Ethiopia. A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted, and data were collected using a structured questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, chi-square test, and logistic regression were used to analyze and interpret the results. A total of 504 participants with a mean age of 35.32 ± 9.03 years were included in the study. Most of the participants were urban dwellers (59.5%); more than half (55.6%) of the participants were male; most of the participants (62.7%) were at least college graduates; about half were employed (52.4%); about 41.7% of the participants had a large family size (≥7) with a mean family size of 5.7 ± 2.7; the average family monthly income was ETB 7213.71 ± 3673, and over three-fourth (74.8%) of the study participants were married. In addition, about 83.13% of the study participants heard about antibiotics; almost all of them (99.8%) had ever used antibiotics at some point in their life (75% of which used antibiotics within 6 months), and all of them could name at least one common type of antibiotic. Moreover, most of the participants (86.5%) did not receive any training related to antibiotics, and 29.4% of them obtained antibiotics without a prescription. Most participants had poor knowledge (64%), negative attitudes (60.4%), and poor practices (55%) towards antibiotic use, resistance, and disposal methods. Significant and positive linear correlations between knowledge and attitude (r = 0.539, P ≤ 0.001 ), knowledge-practice (r = 0.532, P ≤ 0.001 ), and attitude-practice (r = 0.786, P < 0.001 ) were also observed. Most of the sociodemographic variables were significantly associated with the mean KAP scores of the study participants. Living in a rural area, having a large family size, and being female, married, illiterate, and farmer resulted in a very low level of knowledge. Similarly, living in a rural area, having a small family size, and being older and married resulted in a negative attitude. Furthermore, having a smaller family size, having a low family monthly income, and being married, illiterate, and self-employed resulted in poor practice. A very low level of KAP towards antibiotics among people living in and around Hawassa City calls for urgent and effective intervention strategies.

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High prevalence of Antibiotic Resistance Bacteria isolated from Municipal Solid Waste Dumpsite, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia

Cited by 4 publications

References 25 publications

Bacterial Communities in Informal Dump Sites: A Rich Source of Unique Diversity and Functional Potential for Bioremediation Applications

Bacterial Communities in Informal Dump Sites: A Rich Source of Unique Diversity and Functional Potential for Bioremediation Applications

Microbial Assessment of Solid Waste and Bioaerosol Associated with Open Dumping Sites of the Kathmandu City, Nepal

Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices (KAP) on Antibiotic Use and Disposal Ways in Sidama Region, Ethiopia: A Community-Based Cross-Sectional Survey

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