High prevalence of antibodies against canine adenovirus (CAV) type 2 in domestic dog populations in South Africa precludes the use of CAV-based recombinant rabies vaccines

Wright, Nicolette; Jackson, Felix R.; Niezgoda, Michael; Ellison, James A.; Rupprecht, Charles E.; Nel, Louis Hendrik

doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2013.06.089

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…The high prevalence of CAdV infection detected is in agreement with the prevalence of CAdV infection recently observed in serologic surveys carried out on domestic dogs and free-ranging canids (Akerstedt et al, 2010;Belsare and Gompper, 2013;Gür and Acar, 2009;Wright et al, 2013), which confirm the ubiquitous diffusion of CAdV in receptive hosts in different parts of the world. The significant prevalence of CAdV-1 and CAdV-2 infection in the dogs analysed in this study support the hypothesis of a widespread circulation of these viruses in the canine population.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Investigation of the presence of canine adenovirus (CAdV) in owned dogs in Northern Italy

Balboni

Mollace

Giunti

et al. 2014

Research in Veterinary Science

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Investigation of the presence of canine adenovirus (CAdV) in owned dogs in Northern Italy

Balboni

Mollace

Giunti

et al. 2014

Research in Veterinary Science

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“…However, Wright et al showed that pre-existing antibodies against CAV, naturally occurring in South Africa, inhibited the development of VNA against rabies in dogs immunized with CAV-2-E3Δ-RGP. All dogs, except one which received prior vaccination against CAV and were then immunized with CAV-2-E3Δ-RGP orally, developed rabies after challenge [ 52 ].…”

Section: Efficacymentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral vaccination of dogs: a well-studied and undervalued tool for achieving human and dog rabies elimination

Cliquet

Guiot²,

Aubert³

et al. 2018

Vet Res

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The mass vaccination of dogs is a proven tool for rabies prevention. Besides parenteral delivery of inactivated vaccines, over the past several decades, several self-replicating biologics, including modified-live, attenuated and recombinant viruses, have been evaluated for the oral vaccination of dogs against rabies. Vaccines are included within an attractive bait for oral consumption by free-ranging dogs. Due to the high affinity between dogs and humans, such biologics intended for oral vaccination of dogs (OVD) need to be efficacious as well as safe. Baits should be preferentially attractive to dogs and not to non-target species. Although many different types have been evaluated successfully, no universal bait has been identified to date. Moreover, high bait acceptance does not necessarily mean that vaccine efficacy and programmatic success is predictable. The use of OVD in the laboratory and field has demonstrated the safety and utility of this technology. Within a One Health context, OVD should be considered as part of a holistic plan for the global elimination of canine rabies.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s13567-018-0554-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…These findings could have important implications for dog disease control programmes and for the selection of appropriate management approaches that might be considered in efforts to reduce the likelihood of cross‐species transmission of viral pathogens that occur at relatively high prevalence in reservoir populations (Belsare, ; Wright et al., ). Canine vaccination has been recommended as a mechanism for reducing the prevalence and incidence of viral diseases in dogs and has been used in conservation management of wild carnivore populations (Cleaveland et al., ; Knobel et al., 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of Viral Pathogens of Free-Ranging Dogs and Indian Foxes in a Human-Dominated Landscape in Central India

Belsare

Vanak

Gompper

2014

Transbound Emerg Dis

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There is an increasing concern that free-ranging domestic dog (Canis familiaris) populations may serve as reservoirs of pathogens which may be transmitted to wildlife. We documented the prevalence of antibodies to three viral pathogens, canine parvovirus (CPV), canine distemper virus (CDV) and canine adenovirus (CAV), in free-ranging dog and sympatric Indian fox (Vulpes bengalensis) populations in and around the Great Indian Bustard Wildlife Sanctuary, in Maharashtra, central India. A total of 219 dogs and 33 foxes were sampled during the study period. Ninety-three percentage of dogs and 87% of foxes were exposed to one or more of the three pathogens. Exposure rates in dogs were high: >88% for CPV, >72% for CDV and 71% for CAV. A large proportion of adult dogs had antibodies against these pathogens due to seroconversion following earlier natural infection. The high prevalence of exposure to these pathogens across the sampling sessions, significantly higher exposure rates of adults compared with juveniles, and seroconversion in some unvaccinated dogs documented during the study period suggests that these pathogens are enzootic. The prevalence of exposure to CPV, CDV and CAV in foxes was 48%, 18% and 52%, respectively. Further, a high rate of mortality was documented in foxes with serologic evidence of ongoing CDV infection. Dogs could be playing a role in the maintenance and transmission of these pathogens in the fox population, but our findings show that most dogs in the population are immune to these pathogens by virtue of earlier natural infection, and therefore, these individuals make little current or future contribution to viral maintenance. Vaccination of this cohort will neither greatly improve their collective immune status nor contribute to herd immunity. Our findings have potentially important implications for dog disease control programmes that propose using canine vaccination as a tool for conservation management of wild carnivore populations.

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High prevalence of antibodies against canine adenovirus (CAV) type 2 in domestic dog populations in South Africa precludes the use of CAV-based recombinant rabies vaccines

Cited by 8 publications

References 37 publications

Investigation of the presence of canine adenovirus (CAdV) in owned dogs in Northern Italy

Investigation of the presence of canine adenovirus (CAdV) in owned dogs in Northern Italy

Oral vaccination of dogs: a well-studied and undervalued tool for achieving human and dog rabies elimination

Epidemiology of Viral Pathogens of Free-Ranging Dogs and Indian Foxes in a Human-Dominated Landscape in Central India

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