High Prevalence of Cytauxzoon Felis in Bobcats (Lynx Rufus) Across Oklahoma and Occurrence in West Texas, Usa

Weerarathne, Pabasara; Sanders, Tiana L.; Kao, Yun-Fan; Cotey, Stacy; Place, Joshua D; Fairbanks, W. Sue; Miller, Craig A.; Reichard, Mason V.

doi:10.7589/jwd-d-22-00152

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Bobcats in the central counties in Oklahoma, where tick vectors are known to be common and abundant, were 25.693 times more likely to be infected than in other regions in Oklahoma. 17 Additional studies need to be conducted in Indiana to determine the prevalence and distribution of C felis in bobcats, A americanum and D variabilis to better determine the risk of infection to domestic cats.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 7 , 10 , 11 Vertebrate reservoir hosts include chronically infected domestic cats that survived acute cytauxzoonosis, with or without treatment, 12 – 16 and C felis -infected wild bobcats. 17 – 20 As bobcats are wild animal reservoirs of C felis and pyrexia is ubiquitous among cats with acute cytauxzoonosis, the disease is commonly referred to as bobcat fever. The purpose of this retrospective case series is to report cases of cytauxzoonosis from southern Indiana documenting autochthonous transmission of C felis to domestic cats in the state for the first time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cytauxzoonosis in Indiana, USA: a case series of cats infected with Cytauxzoon felis (2018–2022)

Reichard,

Cotey,

Dangoudoubiyam

et al. 2024

Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery

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Case series summary This case series describes six cases involving seven cats naturally infected with Cytauxzoon felis in Indiana, USA. Medical records were retrospectively reviewed and all available information on signalment, history, clinical and diagnostic findings, treatment, outcome and pathology was reported. Cats infected with C felis were domestic shorthairs, were aged between 2 and 9 years and all but one of the cats were male. The seven infected cats originated from five counties in southwestern Indiana. Six of seven cats were found to have acute cytauxzoonosis based on clinical signs, gross pathologic lesions, observation of C felis in tissues and/or detection of C felis DNA. One cat was identified as a subclinical survivor cat with no known clinical history of cytauxzoonosis. Relevance and novel information The reported cases are the first confirmed reports of acute and chronic cytauxzoonosis in cats from Indiana and document an expansion in the range of C felis. Veterinary practitioners in Indiana should consider infection with C felis as a differential diagnosis for cats that present with fever, inappetence, lethargy, depression, dehydration, dyspnea, hemolytic crisis, anorexia or icterus. Administration of approved acaricides to cats currently offers the best protection and control against C felis infection.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytauxzoonosis in Indiana, USA: a case series of cats infected with Cytauxzoon felis (2018–2022)

Reichard,

Cotey,

Dangoudoubiyam

et al. 2024

Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery

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First identification of Cytauxzoon manul in Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx) in northwestern China

Cui,

Su,

Wang

et al. 2024

Parasites Vectors

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Background Multiple species of the genera Cytauxzoon and Hepatozoon can infect wild felines, but the diversity of these and other apicomplexan parasites in Eurasian lynx is scarcely known. The aim of this study was to detect Cytauxzoon and Hepatozoon species with molecular methods in Eurasian lynxes and their ticks in northwestern China. Methods DNA was extracted from the heart, liver, spleen, lung, and kidney samples of three Eurasian lynxes as well as from their five ixodid ticks. These DNA samples were screened with polymerase chain reactions (PCRs) for Cytauxzoon with the partial cytochrome b gene (CytB), cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene (COI), and small subunit ribosomal RNA gene (18S rRNA), and Hepatozoon with three different fragments of small subunit ribosomal RNA gene (18S rRNA). PCR products were sequenced, aligned, and phylogenetically analyzed. Results One adult female of Eurasian lynx (#1, adult female) was co-infected with Cytauxzoon manul and Hepatozoon felis genotype I, while an adult male lynx (#2) was infected with C. manul. Interestingly, H. felis genotype I was both detected in a male cub (#3) and two out of five infesting Hyalomma asiaticum ticks. Conclusions For the first time, Cytauxzoon manul is reported here from Eurasian lynx. In addition, H. felis has not been known to occur in this host species in China and Central Asia. Thus, the findings of this study extend our knowledge on the geographical distribution and host range of these haemoprotozoan parasites. Moreover, this is also the first evidence of C. manul and H. felis co-infection in Eurasian lynx. Graphical Abstract

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Molecular investigation of ticks and tick-borne protozoan parasites (Apicomplexa: Cytauxzoon and Hepatozoon spp.) from Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx) in northwestern China: first identification of Cytauxzoon manul in this host species

Cui,

Su,

Wang

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Background: Multiple species of the genera Cytauxzoon and Hepatozoon can infect wild felines, but the diversity of these and other apicomplexan parasites in Eurasian lynx is scarelyknown. The aim of this study was to detect Cytauxzoon and Hepatozoon species with molecular methods in Eurasian lynxes and their ticks in northwestern China. Methods: DNA was extracted from the heart, liver, spleen, lung and kidney samples of three Eurasian lynxes as well as from their five ixodid ticks. These DNA samples were screened with PCRs for Cytauxzoonwith the partial cytochrome b gene (CytB), cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene (COI) and small subunit ribosomal RNA gene (18S rRNA), and Hepatozoon with three different fragments of small subunit ribosomal RNA gene (18S rRNA). PCR products were sequenced, aligned and phylogenetically analyzed. Results: One adult female of Eurasian lynx (#1, adult female) was co-infected with Cytauxzoon manul and Hepatozoon felis genotype I, while an adult male lynx (#2) was infected with C. manul. Interestingly, H. felis genotype I was both detected in a male cub (#3) and two out of five infesting Hyalomma asiaticum ticks. Conclusion: For the first time, Cytauxzoon manul is reported here from Eurasian lynx. In addition, H. felis has not been known to occur in this host species in China and Central Asia. Thus, findings of this study extend our knowledge on the geographical distribution and host range of these haemoprotozoan parasites. Moreover, this is also the first evidence of C. manul and H. felisco-infection in Eurasian lynx.

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High Prevalence of Cytauxzoon Felis in Bobcats (Lynx Rufus) Across Oklahoma and Occurrence in West Texas, Usa

Cited by 3 publications

References 36 publications

Cytauxzoonosis in Indiana, USA: a case series of cats infected with Cytauxzoon felis (2018–2022)

Cytauxzoonosis in Indiana, USA: a case series of cats infected with Cytauxzoon felis (2018–2022)

First identification of Cytauxzoon manul in Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx) in northwestern China

Molecular investigation of ticks and tick-borne protozoan parasites (Apicomplexa: Cytauxzoon and Hepatozoon spp.) from Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx) in northwestern China: first identification of Cytauxzoon manul in this host species

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