High Prevalence of GB Virus C/Hepatitis G Virus in Healthy Persons in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam

Brown, Kevin E.; Wong, Susan; Mat, Buu; Binh, Tran Van; Be, Tran Van; Young, Neal S.

doi:10.1093/infdis/175.2.450

Cited by 38 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…This is far higher than the 1-4% HGV RNA positivity seen in volunteer blood donors from developed countries 2 4-6 or the 0.7-5.7% observed in some developing parts of Asia such as China 27 28 and Vietnam. 29 The high prevalence of HGV in South Africa is in accord with other studies conducted in subSaharan Africa.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Age related prevalence of hepatitis G virus in South Africans

Mphahlele

Aspinall

Spooner

et al. 1999

Journal of Clinical Pathology

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Aim-To investigate the age related prevalence of hepatitis G virus (HGV) infection and its mode of transmission in relation to hepatitis B (HBV) and C (HCV) coinfection in South African blacks.Methods-Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction was performed to detect active infection, using primers for the 5'-NCR, NS5a, and NS3 regions. Antibodies to HGV envelope-2 protein (anti-E2), which measures past infection, were also sought. Hepatitis G virus (HGV) and GBV-C (both subsequently referred to as HGV in this paper) were independently identified from a case of chronic hepatitis. Results-The1 2 HGV is a positive sense RNA virus of the family Flaviviridae. It is related to, but quite distinct from, hepatitis C virus (HCV) as it shares only 25% amino acid sequence homology. The global epidemiology and risk factors for acquisition of HGV infection are currently unclear. Data generated from developed, nonAfrican countries indicate that HGV is transmitted parenterally. High prevalence was noted in intravenous drug users, 2 4 5 haemodialysis patients, 6 and people with haemophilia. 2 Between 1% and 4% of blood donors in developed countries are HGV viraemic.2 4-6

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Age related prevalence of hepatitis G virus in South Africans

Mphahlele

Aspinall

Spooner

et al. 1999

Journal of Clinical Pathology

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“…Many reports indicate a surprisingly high prevalence of viremia (1 -4%) among seemingly healthy populations in Europe and North America (13,29,40,41). Even higher prevalence rates have been documented in residents of South America and Africa (10-33%) (35, 42 -44).…”

Section: Diagnostic Aspectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

GB Virus C/Hepatitis G Virus

Halasz

Weiland²,

Sällberg³

2001

Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases

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GB virus C (GBV-C), or hepatitis G virus (HGV), is a recently discovered enveloped RNA virus belonging to the Flaviviridae family. GBV-C/HGV is transmitted by contaminated blood and/or blood products, intravenous drug use, from mother to child, sexually, and possibly through close social contacts. Several reports indicate a high prevalence of GBV-C/HGV viremia (1-4%) within healthy populations in Europe and North America, and an even higher prevalence (10-33%) among residents in South America and Africa. GBV-C/HGV has been suggested to be a causative agent for non-A-non-E hepatitis. However, several contradictory observations suggest that its ability to cause hepatitis is questionable. Taken together most data suggest that GBV-C/HGV is not a major cause of liver disease despite recent data indicating that it may infect and replicate in hepatocytes.

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“…Though HGV infection is common worldwide, the prevalence is high in Thailand (4.3%) [14], Vietnam (5.7%) [15], Germany (4.7%) [16], South Africa (10.4-12.9%) [10] and West Africa (14.2%) [17], but low in Japan (0.6-0.9%) [18][19][20], China (0.7-2.0%) [21][22][23] and the United States (0.8-1.7%) [5,17].…”

Section: Hgv Infection In the General Population And Blood Donorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

GB Virus C/Hepatitis G Virus

Kiyosawa

Tanaka²

1999

Intervirology

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Hepatitis G virus (HGV) is a positive, single-strand RNA virus that has been classified in the family Flaviviridae. The 5′-untranslated region (UTR) of the HGV genome is lengthy and does not share any significant primary and secondary RNA structures with the 5′-UTR of hepatitis C virus (HCV). The internal ribosome entry site has extraordinarily weak activity. The HGV genome does not seem to encode a nucleocapside protein analogous to HCV. Blood-borne transmission is presumed to be the commonest mode of transmission of the virus. Current infection with HGV is diagnosed by detection of HGV RNA by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and past infection with HGV is detectable by testing anti-HGV E2. HGV is distributed worldwide, but its prevalence varies widely from one population to another. Although the prevalence of HGV in association with acute and chronic hepatitis is higher than that in the general population, further prospective studies are needed to demonstrate its relative significance in causing hepatitis and other disease. The major unresolved biological issue at the moment is its hepatotropsim and site of propagation. Recent progress demonstrates that HGV replicates in lymphocytes rather than hepatocytes. HGV may be pathogenic under special conditions, but does not influence carcinogenesis.

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High Prevalence of GB Virus C/Hepatitis G Virus in Healthy Persons in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam

Cited by 38 publications

References 13 publications

Age related prevalence of hepatitis G virus in South Africans

Age related prevalence of hepatitis G virus in South Africans

GB Virus C/Hepatitis G Virus

GB Virus C/Hepatitis G Virus

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