High Prevalence of Genotypic and Phenotypic HIV-1 Drug-Resistant Strains Among Patients Receiving Antiretroviral Therapy in Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire

Genotypic resistance mutations to antiretroviral drugs in HIV-1 B and non-B subtypes from Cuba

“…For example, in our study in Spain (21) we found an overall level of 25.1%, similar to results from other developed countries, according to at least one published study (26) and one unpublished one. 4 Nevertheless, the 5.3% level in Cuba is in line with other countries where this type of treatment has been recently introduced, such as Côte d'Ivoire, where a prevalence of 6% was recently reported (27). That same Côte d'Ivoire study reported that resistance among patients infected with non-B subtypes is conferred by mutations similar to those documented for subtype B infections.…”

Role of HIV-1 Viral Load in Initiating Antiretroviral Therapy

“…Increasing resistance to ART is another issue. In a study by Adge C et al (2005) 57% of the patient had genotypic resistance to at least one reverse transcriptase inhibitor (RTI) or protease inhibitor (PI) [16]. In Surveillance on HIV antiretroviral drug resistance in treated individuals in England HIV drug resistance reported was 55% [17].…”

Guidelines for the management of HIV infection in pregnant women and the prevention of mother‐to‐child transmission of HIV

“…As with viral load assays, commercial resistance assays have been developed using the B subtype of HIV and non‐B subtypes may, therefore, be amplified and sequenced less efficiently. Although information is more limited on patterns of drug resistance among non‐B subtypes, particularly among infected pregnant women, it has been demonstrated that the frequency and pattern of mutations are generally similar to subtype B [124–127]. The protease gene of HIV is highly polymorphic and this may contribute to development of resistance to protease inhibitors (PIs).…”