High prevalence of HIV among men who have sex with men in Zhejiang, China: a respondent-driven sampling survey

Pan, Xiaohong; Wu, Minni; Ma, Qiaoqin; Wang, Hui; Ma, Wenzhe; Zeng, Shidian; Jun-fang, Chen; Zhang, Yan; Miao, Dandan; Zhou, Xin; Jiang, Tingting; He, Lin; Xia, Yan; Peng, Zhihang; Xia, Shichang

doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2015-008466

Cited by 18 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The study was part of fieldwork conducted in Hangzhou for a baseline survey in a technical research project aimed at controlling new infections of HIV/AIDS among MSM in Zhejiang Province, China. The study procedures and sampling strategies have been described in detail elsewhere [29]. In brief, participants were recruited using respondent-driven sampling (RDS) method, which is an approximate probability sampling method introduced by Heckathorn to recruit hard-to-reach human populations such as injection drug users and MSM [30].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of condomless anal intercourse and recent HIV testing and their associated factors among men who have sex with men in Hangzhou, China: A respondent-driven sampling survey

Wang

Pan

et al. 2017

PLoS ONE

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Men who have sex with men (MSM) are a large high-risk population for HIV infection in recent years in China. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Hangzhou, China, to determine rates of condomless anal intercourse (CAI), recent HIV testing (in the recent year) and associated factors using respondent-driven sampling. Questionnaires using face-to-face interviews were employed to collect data on sexual risk behaviors and HIV testing. Five hundred eleven MSM were recruited, of which 459 (89.8%) had anal intercourse in the past 6 months. Of these 459 participants, 457 (99.6%) answered whether they had taken an HIV test in the recent year, so only their data were analyzed. Weighted data were analyzed using bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis. The CAI rate with male partners in the past 6 months was 43.7% (95% confidence interval [CI], 34.0–51.5%), while the rate of condomless vaginal intercourse (CVI) was 21.6% (95% CI, 15.6–32.3%). The prevalence of recent HIV testing was 56.8% (95% CI, 48.7–66.5%), while the prevalence of HIV and syphilis were 8.8% and 6.5%, respectively. Multivariate analysis indicated that CAI was associated with earlier homosexual debut, suicidal inclinations, childhood sexual abuse, HIV testing in the recent year, and lower estimate of HIV prevalence. Recent HIV testing was associated with homosexual debut age, engaging in CAI with male partners in the past 6 months, having oral sex in the past 6 months, self-perceived higher likelihood of HIV infection, knowing about antiretroviral therapy for HIV/AIDS, receiving AIDS/sexually transmitted infection (STI) interventions in the past year, and syphilis infection. Given high prevalence of HIV and syphilis, high levels of CAI and CVI, and low HIV testing rate, the results indicated high risk of HIV infection and transmission among MSM. HIV prevention interventions should target MSM with early homosexual debut and psychosocial health problems, while HIV/AIDS education among MSM should focus on increasing knowledge of HIV risk, estimated HIV prevalence and antiretroviral therapy, and improving risk perception of HIV acquisition.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of condomless anal intercourse and recent HIV testing and their associated factors among men who have sex with men in Hangzhou, China: A respondent-driven sampling survey

Wang

Pan

et al. 2017

PLoS ONE

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“…If a respondent in the study met any one of the following criteria, the subject was excluded from this study: (1) was impaired so that cannot clearly understand and answer the questions from the investigation questionnaire due to drunkenness, poisoning or other causes, or had a mental illness or mental retardation, did not fully understand the process of informed consent or did not give informed consent; (2) did not agree to accept the questionnaire survey and/or serological survey; (3) took part in the investigation of subjects without an effective recruiting card; (4) refused to attend the research because of any other reason. The study procedure and sampling strategies are described in detail elsewhere [20]. Briefly, the participants in the study were recruited using RDS.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of prior HIV testing and associated factors among MSM in Zhejiang Province, China: a cross-sectional study

Li¹,

Pan²,

Ma³

et al. 2016

BMC Public Health

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BackgroundMen who have sex with men (MSM) have become one of high-risk population for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, due to their multiple sex partners and unprotected anal intercourse. Promoting HIV testing is an effective strategy for the prevention and control of HIV infection. We assessed the factors associated with a prior HIV testing history, which could provide guidance for implementation of future HIV intervention programs.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted in three cities of Zhejiang Province, namely, Hangzhou, Ningbo and Wenzhou, using respondent-driven sampling, between December 2013 and June 2014. A face-to-face questionnaire survey was employed to collect relevant information about HIV testing. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to identify the factors associated with a prior HIV testing history.ResultsThe adjusted rate of prior HIV testing among MSM in Zhejiang Province was 55.9 %. The adjusted rates of HIV and syphilis infections among MSM in Zhejiang Province were 14.0 % and 11.4 %, respectively. A weighted multivariate analysis showed that MSM of older age were more likely to be tested, as were MSM with higher level of education, self-reported homosexuality and a higher frequency of receiving AIDS/sexually transmitted infections educational intervention in the past year. MSM with suicidal inclination and self-perceived lower possibility of HIV infection were less likely to report ever having undergone an HIV test.ConclusionsThe prevalence of prior HIV testing among MSM in Zhejiang Province, China is low. Effective and more frequent interventional measures should be adopted to improve risk awareness and psychosocial support for younger, less educated MSM, and to encourage more MSM to undergo HIV testing.

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“…HIV/AIDS cases acquired HIV through homosexual transmission have increased significantly, from 16.1% in 2008 to 37.8% in Zhejiang 2013. The prevalence of HIV infection among the MSM populations in Zhejiang was estimated to be approximately 8% in 2010–2013 as determined through sentinel surveillance 15 and 13.8% based on a respondent-driven sampling survey 16 , with the highest rate of new infections in focus populations (6.3% in 2012) 17 . Some studies have previously highlighted evidence suggesting great HIV genetic complexity and dynamics 4 , 6 – 14 , 18 , 19 and an increased risk of transmitted drug resistance (TDR) among MSM populations 4 , 10 – 12 , 20 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Highlighting the crucial role of Hangzhou in HIV-1 transmission among men who have sex with men in Zhejiang, China

Zhang

Guo

Pan

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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In recent years, the population of men who have sex with men (MSM) constitute a major group for HIV transmission in China. A total of 340 newly reported HIV-infected MSM were recruited proportionally from ten prefectures across Zhejiang province between January and December in 2013. Partial pol gene was amplified and sequenced. Phylogenetic relationship, transmission network and genotypic drug resistance analyses were performed on 311 sequences. HIV-1 subtypes including CRF01_AE (55.9%), CRF07_BC (37.6%), subtype B (1.9%), CRF55_01B (1.3%), CRF68_01B (0.3%), CRF08_BC (0.3%) and URFs (2.6%) were identified. A higher proportion of CRF07_BC and other subtypes existed in the >35 years group, while a higher proportion of CRF01_AE was present in the young group (<35 years). Low prevalence of transmitted drug resistance was found (3.9%, 12/311). Strains with Hangzhou imprints were diffused across the full phylogenetic tree. Moreover, Hangzhou represented the dominant proportion of local HIV transmission (72.0%) and cross-regional transmission (62.4%) based on the provincial transmission network and possessed the largest number of nodes with ≥50 edges, accounting for 50.0% (10/20). The complexity of HIV subtypes and an intertwined network was noticed in MSM in Zhejiang province. Hangzhou likely plays a central regional role in the intra-provincial spread of HIV.

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High prevalence of HIV among men who have sex with men in Zhejiang, China: a respondent-driven sampling survey

Cited by 18 publications

References 26 publications

Prevalence of condomless anal intercourse and recent HIV testing and their associated factors among men who have sex with men in Hangzhou, China: A respondent-driven sampling survey

Prevalence of condomless anal intercourse and recent HIV testing and their associated factors among men who have sex with men in Hangzhou, China: A respondent-driven sampling survey

Prevalence of prior HIV testing and associated factors among MSM in Zhejiang Province, China: a cross-sectional study

Highlighting the crucial role of Hangzhou in HIV-1 transmission among men who have sex with men in Zhejiang, China

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