High Prevalence of Human Papillomavirus Infection in Mexican Males

Lazcano‐Ponce, Eduardo; Herrero, Rolando; Muñóz, Núbia; Hernández-Ávila, Mauricio; Salmerón, Jorge; Leyva-López, Ahidée; Meijer, Chris J.L.M.; Walboomers, Jan M. M.

doi:10.1097/00007435-200105000-00007

Cited by 75 publications

(35 citation statements)

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“…Our sampling method, which involved the collection of cells from the skin of the glans penis and coronal sulcus, is a noninvasive method that enables easy sampling of male participants. The DNA yield from these penile samples, at 90.1%, falls within the range reported in other studies of HPV in men [10,15]. However, we were unable to obtain adequate DNA from most urethral and urine samples.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

“…A prewetted urethral swab was inserted 1 cm into the urethral meatus and rotated 360Њ, consistent with methods described in previous studies of male HPV that described sampling the "distal meatus" [15,21,22]. However, a study of HPV in Mexican men published after our study was under way described a urethral sampling technique in which the swab was inserted 2 cm into the meatus; those authors reported a high yield of human DNA from the urethra [10]. Our low b-globin yield may also have been the result of inadequate laboratory techniques for DNA extraction.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

“…Our laboratory did not fully develop the methodology to adequately assess HPV DNA in urine. Most attempts at using urine for HPV testing in men have been unsuccessful [10,23,24]. The majority of studies that have successfully detected HPV in urine have been conducted in women [25][26][27][28], in whom cervicovaginal shedding likely increases the presence of cellular material in urine.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among military men, HPV DNA detection ranged from 16.5% in Finnish military conscripts to 36% among Danish military recruits [11,14]. Most recently, penile HPV was detected in 42.7% of sexually active college students and industrial workers in Mexico [10]. Comparison across these male HPV studies is difficult, however, because study populations, sampling methods, and molecular techniques have varied widely.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among studies that have used PCR to detect penile HPV DNA in healthy men, sampling methodologies have been inconsistent. Nonetheless, results from these diverse investigations have suggested that penile HPV in sexually active men is at least as prevalent as cervical HPV is among women [10][11][12][13][14][15].…”

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confidence: 99%

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Human Papillomavirus Infection in Men Attending a Sexually Transmitted Disease Clinic

et al. 2003

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Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the main etiologic agent of anogenital cancers, including cervical cancer, but little is known about the type-specific prevalence of HPV in men. Participants were men aged 18-70 years attending a sexually transmitted disease clinic. Penile skin swabs were assessed for HPV DNA using polymerase chain reaction with reverse line-blot genotyping. Of 436 swabs collected, 90.1% yielded sufficient DNA for HPV analysis. Men with inadequate swab samples were significantly more likely to be white and circumcised than men with adequate swab samples. The prevalence of HPV was 28.2%. Oncogenic HPV types were found in 12.0% of participants, nononcogenic types were found in 14.8% of participants, multiple types were found in 6.1% of participants, and unknown types were found in 5.9% of participants. The most prevalent subtypes were nononcogenic 6, 53, and 84. HPV positivity was not associated with age. These results indicate that HPV infection among men at high risk is common but that characteristics of male HPV infection may differ from those of female infection.Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is the necessary, sexually transmitted cause of invasive cervical cancer and its precursor lesion, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia [1][2][3]. HPV has also been closely linked with other anogenital cancers, including anal cancer and certain penile cancers [4][5][6]. HPV infection in men is over- whelmingly subclinical, which has resulted in a potentially large number of asymptomatic carriers who serve as reservoirs and vectors for the virus.Although HPV has been studied extensively in women, data on male infection are limited. Studies of HPV in men are necessary to improve our understanding of HPV transmission and HPV-related carcinogenesis and to prevent disease in both men and women. The success of future cancer prevention strategies, such as prophylactic HPV vaccination, will be limited without a basic epidemiological understanding of HPV in men.Earlier studies of papillomavirus infection in men used a variety of clinical and histological techniques to establish a diagnosis of HPV, but polymerase chain reaction (PCR) has emerged as the most sensitive method available for the detection of latent HPV [7][8][9]. Among studies that have used PCR to detect penile HPV DNA in healthy men, sampling methodologies have been inconsistent. Nonetheless, results from these diverse investigations have suggested that penile HPV in sexually active men is at least as prevalent as cervical HPV is among women [10][11][12][13][14][15].HPV prevalence in men has been shown to vary by

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Human Papillomavirus Infection in Men Attending a Sexually Transmitted Disease Clinic

et al. 2003

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Male urethral pap smears and peniscopy examination and polymerase chain reaction human papillomavirus correlation

Tena-Suck

Alarcón-Herrera²,

Tirado‐Sánchez

et al. 2011

Diagnostic Cytopathology

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The aims of this study were to determine HPV in a male population and its correlation with penile gross inspection and urethral pap smears. Fifty male volunteers were included in the study; all of them were sexual partners of women with evidence of HPV-related cervical diseases. Urethral Pap smear features and polymerase chain reaction (PCR; HPV detection) of urethral samples were correlated. Statistical analyses were conducted to identify variables associated with high and low-risk HPV types. Mean age of participants was 33.14 ± 1.52 (range, 23-50 years), and the mean age for those with high risk HPV was 32.12 ± 6.66 and 34.08 ± 6.58 for subjects with low-risk HPV (P = 0.820). Penile gross inspection revealed 19 (38%) cases with no lesions, papules in balanoprepusial furrol/sulcus in 23 (46%) cases, papilla in 23 (46%) cases, urethral lesions in 22 (44%) cases, penile body plaques in 22 (44%) cases, melanoses in 11 (22%) cases, sebaceous cysts on scrotum in 10 (20%) cases, and molting of the glands in 28 (56%) cases. Cytopathologic analysis revealed koilocytes in 24 (48%) cases. Dyskeratosis was observed in 24 (48%) cases. A bacterial background was found in 27 (54%) cases, and inflammatory cells were found in 27 (54%) cases. Twenty-six (52%) cases showed cytological features suggestive of Gardnerella Vaginalis. Twenty-four (48%) cases were high-risk HPV, and 26 (52%) were low-risk HPV (P = 0.037) as assessed by PCR-based detection. There was a statistically significant difference between koilocytes and bacterial background with high-risk human papillomavirus (P = 0.001). Abnormal colposcopy examination detected lesions were sampled for cytology by Pap smears.

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Prevalence and determinants of human papillomavirus infection in men attending vasectomy clinics in Mexico

Vaccarella

Lazcano‐Ponce

Castro-Garduño

et al. 2006

Intl Journal of Cancer

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Large studies of genital human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in men are few and mainly include high-risk groups. We interviewed 779 men who requested a vasectomy in 27 public clinics in 14 states of Mexico. Exfoliated cells were obtained from the scrotum, the shaft of the penis, the top of the penis including the coronal sulcus, the glans and the opening of the meatus. HPV testing was performed using biotinylated L1 consensus primers and reverse line blot. Unconditional logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) of being HPV-positive and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The prevalence of any type of HPV was 8.7%. HPV positivity was highest among men below age 25 (13.6%), and lowest among men aged 40 years or older (6.0%). The most commonly found HPV types were, in decreasing order, HPV59, 51, 6, 16 and 58. Lifetime number of sexual partners was associated with HPV positivity (OR for 4 vs. 1 partner 5 3.7, 95% CI: 2.0-6.8), mainly on account of the strong association with number of occasional and sex-worker partners. Condom use with both regular (OR 5 0.4, 95% CI: 0.1-1.0) and sex-worker (OR 5 0.1, 95% CI: 0.0-0.3) partners and circumcision (OR 5 0.2, 95% CI: 0.1-0.4) were inversely associated with HPV positivity. HPV prevalence in Mexican men was similar to the prevalence found in Mexican women of the same age groups. The association between HPV positivity and lifetime number of sexual partners in the present low-risk male population is one of the strongest ever reported in studies in men. Condom use and circumcision were associated with a strong reduction in HPV prevalence. ' 2006 Wiley-Liss, Inc.Key words: human papillomavirus; men; Mexico; sexual habits; condom use Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, the necessary cause of invasive cervical cancer and its precursor lesions, 1 is a very common sexually transmitted disease in women in many populations. 2 HPV infection in men causes genital warts, 3 and is associated with HPV infection 4,5 and cervical cancer 6,7 in female partners.Previous studies on genital HPV infection in men showed an approximately equal prevalence of HPV infection in any population in the 2 genders, 8 and the existence of a direct, though moderate, association between HPV positivity among men and lifetime number of sexual partners. 9,10 However, contrary to the relatively large amount of information on genital HPV infection in women, 2,11 large studies on HPV prevalence in the general male population are few. Furthermore, the majority of studies in men have focused on young individuals 12 or high-risk populations [e.g., men attending sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinics 9,13,14 or enrolled in military service [15][16][17] ].Two previous reports from Mexico 12,17 showed that more than one-third of the young men studied were infected with genital HPV. To further elucidate the characteristics of HPV infection in the general male population, we assessed the prevalence and determinants of infection with 35 HPV types among 779 Mexican men who attended publi...

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High Prevalence of Human Papillomavirus Infection in Mexican Males

Abstract: Human papillomavirus is a common sexually transmitted infection among Mexican males, and urine sample specimens cannot adequately detect the presence of this infection in males.

Cited by 75 publications

References 14 publications

Human Papillomavirus Infection in Men Attending a Sexually Transmitted Disease Clinic

Human Papillomavirus Infection in Men Attending a Sexually Transmitted Disease Clinic

Male urethral pap smears and peniscopy examination and polymerase chain reaction human papillomavirus correlation

Prevalence and determinants of human papillomavirus infection in men attending vasectomy clinics in Mexico

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