High prevalence of nonthrombotic iliac vein lesions in chronic venous disease: A permissive role in pathogenicity

Abstract

NIVL has high prevalence and a broad demographic spectrum in patients with CVD. Similar lesions in the asymptomatic general population may be permissive of future development of CVD. Stent placement alone, without correction of associated reflux, often provides relief.

CIRSE Standards of Practice Guidelines on Iliocaval Stenting

“…CVD has either a nonthrombotic (primary or idiopathic) or postthrombotic (secondary) cause. Either type can involve reflux, obstruction, or a combination of both [4,5]. The role of venous obstruction is increasingly recognized as a major cause of CVD, with obstructive lesions in the iliocaval segment being markedly more relevant than lesions at the levels of the crural and femoral veins [4][5][6][7][8].…”

“…Either type can involve reflux, obstruction, or a combination of both [4,5]. The role of venous obstruction is increasingly recognized as a major cause of CVD, with obstructive lesions in the iliocaval segment being markedly more relevant than lesions at the levels of the crural and femoral veins [4][5][6][7][8]. Iliac vein obstruction is most commonly due to insufficient recanalization following an episode of acute deep venous thrombosis (DVT), with approximately 70-80 % of veins developing a variable degree of obstruction [4,9].…”

“…Iliac vein obstruction is most commonly due to insufficient recanalization following an episode of acute deep venous thrombosis (DVT), with approximately 70-80 % of veins developing a variable degree of obstruction [4,9]. Nonthrombotic iliac vein obstruction occurs where it is crossed by the iliac or hypogastric artery a condition known as May-Thurner or Cockett's syndrome [5]. It typically involves the left common iliac vein, where it is crossed and compressed by the right iliac artery.…”

“…Although these lesions often are occult, they often are the basis of symptoms in patients with postthrombotic disease. Such lesions are present in approximately 60 % of the asymptomatic general population [10,11] but are found in more than 90 % of symptomatic patients [5]. While compression therapy is the basis of therapy in CVD, in many cases, venous recanalization or correction of obstructive iliac vein lesions may result in resolution of symptoms [6].…”

Arteryovenous conflicts in men with urological pathology

“…Вариан-ты без тромботической компрессии подвздошных вен (nonthrombotic iliac vein lesion, NIVL) были описаны S. Raju и P. Neglen в 2006 г. [43]. Авторы определили четыре варианта артериовенозных конфликтов (рис.…”