High Prevalence of Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci in Swedish Sewage

Iversen, Aina; Kühn, Inger; Franklin, A.; Möllby, R.

doi:10.1128/aem.68.6.2838-2842.2002

Cited by 148 publications

(132 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Bacterial resistance to antibiotic is a long-established, widely studied problem (6,8,19). Increasing attention has been directed recently to the responses of bacteria to biocides.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disinfectant-resistant bacteria in Buenos Aires city hospital wastewater

Núñez

Morettón

2007

Braz. J. Microbiol.

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Large quantities of disinfectants are used in hospitals, externally on human skin or to eliminate microorganisms from inanimate objects. After use, residual quantities of these products reach the wastewater, exposing the bacteria that survive in hospital wastewaters to a wide range of biocides that could act as a selective pressure for the development of resistance. Increasing attention has been directed recently to the resistance of bacteria to disinfectants. The aim of this paper was to determine the disinfectant bacterial resistance pattern of the microflora released to the urban sewer system by hospital effluents. The characterization of the waste water microflora was performed by determination of the CFU of heterotrophic bacteria, fecal indicator bacteria, Pseudomonas sp. and Staphylococcus sp., in a Buenos Aires hospital effluent. The bacterial resistance to the disinfectants more frequently used in the hospital practice, glutaraldehyde, chlorhexidine and povidoneiodine, was then evaluated. Disinfectant resistant bacterial strains were isolated and typified. Between 10 3 and 10 6 chlorexidine resistant bacteria/100 mL were isolated from the samples. Bacteria resistant to other disinfectants ranged between 10 3 and 10 4 /100 mL. The bacterial population resistant to desinfectants to was mainly composed by Enterobacteriaceae, Staphylococcus spp, and Bacillus spp, which are highly associated to nosocomial infections. The results obtained show that the hospital effluents are of importance in the bacterial resistance selection process, particularly in the case of disinfectants.

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“…Bacterial resistance to antibiotic is a long-established, widely studied problem (6,8,19). Increasing attention has been directed recently to the responses of bacteria to biocides.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disinfectant-resistant bacteria in Buenos Aires city hospital wastewater

Núñez

Morettón

2007

Braz. J. Microbiol.

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“…Their role in such infections has increased due to their ability to acquire resistance to various antimicrobial agents, which renders them difficult to treat (Linden and Miller, 1999;Iversen et al, 2002;Kolar et al, 2008). This has resulted in an increased interest in identifying reservoirs of both antimicrobial-resistant strains of enterococci and genes coding for resistance properties (Rice et al, 1995;Kolar et al, 2000;Manson et al, 2004;Olson et al, 2006).…”

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confidence: 99%

Susceptibility of bacteria of the Enterococcus genus isolated on Lithuanian poultry farms

Ružauskas¹,

Šiugždinienė²,

Špakauskas³

et al. 2009

Vet. Med. - Czech

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ABSTRACT:The aim of this study was to test and analyse the antimicrobial susceptibility of Enterococcus isolates from Lithuanian poultry farms. Investigations were carried out during the years 2008-2009. The sampling sites, located all over the country, included eight poultry farms of large capacity. All samples were collected from broilers. Enterococcus spp. were isolated from intestines immediately after slaughtering. A total of 160 samples were collected, 20 samples from each farm. The MICs (Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations) of eleven antimicrobial agents were determined for each of the isolates using the broth microdilution method with specific microtitre plate panels (Trek Diagnostic Systems, Inc.). Susceptibility according to clinical breakpoints of chloramphenicol, linezolid, erythromycin, penicillin, quinupristin/dalfopristin, tetracycline, vancomycin, ciprofloxacin and nitrofurantoin was evaluated. One hundred and forty seven samples (92%) from a total of 160 tested samples were positive for Enterococcus spp., however, only 74 strains were selected as non-duplicate isolates. The most predominant species were identified as E. faecium (38%), E. faecalis (17.5%), E. gallinarum (12%) and E. casseliflavus (12%). The most frequent resistance properties were resistances to tetracycline (75.6%), erythromycin (56.8%) and ciprofloxacin (41.9%). No strains resistant to vancomycin and linezolid were found. High percentages of susceptibility to chloramphenicol (82.4%) and penicillin (71.6%) were also observed. A high MIC of tigecycline (≥ 1 mg/l) to 12.2% of enterococci was determined during this study. 44.6% of tested strains had a high MIC (≥ 64 mg/l) to tylosin. There was no significant correlation found between resistances of different species to different antimicrobial agents in vitro.

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“…Iversen et al (2002) observed that 60% of the residual water samples from four sewage treatment plants in Sweden, 36% of hospital sewage effluent and 19% of those of treated sewage had vancomycin-resistant strains. Similarly, Talebi et al (2007) detected resistance to Van in 19% of Enterococcus strains isolated in three sewage treatment plants in Iran.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple antibiotic-resistance of Enterococcus isolated from coastal water near an outfall in Brazil

Edirsana¹,

Renata²,

Alberto³

et al. 2014

Afr. J. Microbiol. Res.

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Marine outfalls contribute to the environmental protection of coastal zones. However, these structures may serve as vehicles for microbiological contamination. This study aimed to investigate the occurrence of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria in water samples collected from 67 stations located in nearby areas of the ocean outfall in Fortaleza, Brazil. 81 Enterococcus strains were isolated, identified and distributed in the following groups of species: Enterococcus faecalis (n = 37; 45.7%), Enterococcus faecium (n = 30; 37%), Enterococcus mundtii (n = 9; 11.1%), Enterococcus raffinosus (n = 2; 2.5%), Enterococcus dispar (n = 2; 2.5%) and Enterococcus durans (n = 1; 1.2%). Antimicrobial resistance was observed in 47 (58%) of the strains, and the most predominant profile was the concurrent resistance to ampicillin, clindamycin, penicillin and vancomycin. In 31 strains were detected phenotypically, plasmid resistance factors. The data reported in this study should serve as an alert to public health authorities, since they suggest that the area near the submarine outfall in Fortaleza may contribute to antimicrobialresistant enterococci spread.

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High Prevalence of Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci in Swedish Sewage

Cited by 148 publications

References 33 publications

Disinfectant-resistant bacteria in Buenos Aires city hospital wastewater

Disinfectant-resistant bacteria in Buenos Aires city hospital wastewater

Susceptibility of bacteria of the Enterococcus genus isolated on Lithuanian poultry farms

Multiple antibiotic-resistance of Enterococcus isolated from coastal water near an outfall in Brazil

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